Earnnings management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Earnnings management - Essay Example earnings management plays a crucial role in determining the share prices of a listed company and also impact the direct allocation of resources buy the company in the capital markets. This paper is written with the aim of researching on the earnings management and reporting techniques, focusing on the big bath technique of earnings management. The main objective of the report is to understand the process of earnings management, especially the big bath technique of earnings management which is commonly used by companies and their managers to manipulate the reporting of the earning of the company. Earnings management is an important aspect of the financial management of any company. Earnings being crucial elements of the financial statements of a business, the evaluation and management of different types of earning are done by the management of any firm to ensure that the stock prices of the business remains high in the capital markets. There are many techniques that are traditionally a contemporarily applied for the management, manipulation and accounting of earnings in the financial statement publication of an enterprise. The study of the topic of earnings management and the much debated technique of earnings management and manipulation which is the big bath technique is critical in the contemporary corporate world. The management of earnings can have key influences on the political and regulatory structures of a country, the economic systems and prospects in the country and can also alter the functioning of industries as well as the investor groups of the business. Additionally, it may lead to crisis situations like financial downturns, extended low periods in the economic and business cycles and can also threaten the interests of the stakeholder groups of a business1. The use of manipulative techniques in earnings management can play a key role in misleading the investors and analysts in relation to the determination of the investment profile and investment

White Noise by Don DeLillo Essay Example for Free

White Noise by Don DeLillo Essay White Noise is Don DeLillo’s breakout novel that won the National Book Award in 1985, catapulting the author into the elite circle of well-known postmodern writers. It deals with the main protagonists’ fear of death amidst the superficial consumerism that overwhelms America during the late 20th century. The novel follows the life of Jack Gladney, a college professor in a school known as The-College-on-the Hill. He teaches Hitler studies, a discipline he invented himself, and lives happily with his fifth wife, Babette, and his four children from different women. During this period, America is undergoing transformation wherein the nation develops strong attachment to materialistic values brought by the inevitable modernization. Jack and his wife are caught in the web of industrialization that brings complications into their lives instead of comfort. The machines, televisions, supermarket and traffic noises creates an irritating sound that continuously hums in their head, compounded by the incessant whining of consumerism. The momentary luxury they get from many various products is replaced by emptiness that lingers with them for a long time, and during this period, the protagonists develop a peculiar fear of dying. In this early part of the book, Chapters 1-14, Jack’s fear of death is gradually revealed; it has been lurking in his mind as he observes that his life seems going too fast for him. Here, Jack’s fear of dying is seen as not a because of the physical pain brought by death or the terror of being thrown into the eternal flame of hell; rather, he is afraid to die because he cannot leave everything behind. He earned his success. He worked hard to establish a prestigious status in his school, even going as far as doing silly things, like wearing elaborate robes in the school campus, just to solidify his credibility. He cannot allow a mere dying to cut him from the glory he is enjoying on earth. Besides, he has a loving wife and healthy children that he is sincerely proud of. The first fourteen chapters do not show the entirety of the book, but they are enough to portray the patience of Jack as a father to his children and his dedication as Babette’s husband, despite his previous four marriages to different women. All these cause him to dread death even more. This paranoia becomes a disturbing spectre that influences his judgments and rendering him inefficient at times. He tries to find strength in Babette, who Jack describes as ample and reliable woman. In fact, Jack favors Babette over his previous wives because of her strong character. However, it turns out that Babette, too, is afraid of dying. Suddenly, their marriage is consumed by the spectre of death. They often talk about it over dinner and in almost every occasion. The question of who is going to die first is prevalent in most of their conversations, and soon enough, the topic becomes a part of their daily interaction. The issue has been looming in their thought all along, and when it is brought into open, things change between them and in their family. They become more preoccupied with the thought of death than with the welfare of their children. Thier anxiety over the issue dominates most of their waking hours that they tend to set everything aside. This novel is significant to the readers. It gives a moral lesson that death is a phenomenon that should not be feared about. It has been a part of human existence and must be accepted as such. One must not dwell too much on the thought of dying. It must be understood that it happens to everyone, regardless of race, age, sex or status. Every human life ends in death and nobody can change it. Instead of focusing much on the thought of death, which gives nothing but worries and anxiety that can ruin happiness, the best thing to do is to enjoy life to the fullest. Another revelation of the story is that no material things in the world can mask the gloomy effect of death. Latest technology, impressive packaging of products and the flashiness of popular culture give momentary comfort, but they cannot conceal the terror of death. Work Cited: DeLillio, Don. White Noise. Penguin (Non-Classics), January 7, 1986.

Treatment for Tuberculosis :: Medical Biology Disease TB

Treatment for Tuberculosis Tuberculosis has many forms that can invade the body. Many cures involve drugs and multiple combinations of the drugs. Drugs are used in combinations because tuberculosis can travel to different parts of the body. One of the causes for the spread of tuberculosis around the world is the emergence drug- resistance strain. Tuberculosis can become resistant to most, if not all, of the drugs that are used to treat tuberculosis. Tuberculosis is a bacteria infection that affects many people over the world. Treatment for the disease helps people but it is limited. Vaccination is sought but, like treatment, is limited. Because of these limitations Tuberculosis spreads and kills easily. Tuberculosis can be cured by constant drug therapy. One of the first steps to treating Tuberculosis is identifying which form has developed in the body. The two forms that could progress in the body are latent Tuberculosis infection and active Tuberculosis infection (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Latent Tuberculosis is the dormant form of the bacteria, meaning that it is inactive and doesn?t cause an infectious reaction in the body. Even if the latent form enters the body, treatment should be sought (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Latent Tuberculosis can become active Tuberculosis easily though, especially if the immune system is compromised by another infection, like HIV (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Active Tuberculosis infects the body immediately. Symptoms show in the body meaning the bacteria is effecting the cells of the body. Identifying the form is important because treatment is dependent upon it. Testing for TB involves a skin test, usually within seven work-days of conta ct with the bacteria. Without knowing what is in the body, the drugs won?t be as effective and might even cause drug-resistance. After diagnosing which form is in the body, treatment and therapy can begin. After the test, an infected person should inform the health-care provider with information about other people that might be infected. This will help control the spread of Tuberculosis (CDC, Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports). Treatment for the infected person means continual drug therapy. Treatment for active Tuberculosis and latent Tuberculosis is usually similar because both forms of the bacteria invade multiple environments of the body. Tuberculosis originates in the lungs, because it enters through air, and sometimes spreads to other organs, called extrapulmonary Tuberculosis (World Health Organization19).

Ancient Discoveries: Troy Essay

This report covers a brief historic background on the discovery of the Hisarlik site of Troy; Heinrich Schliemann (refer to figure 1.), its discoverer and his methodologies whilst excavating the site. It focuses primarily on his second campaign, the most famous of the five- and his lack of scientific archaeological structure whilst excavating, rather using philological and relative dating methods; mistakes as a result of careless excavations, and the legacy it has left on history and archaeology of Troy till this day. As a child, Heinrich Schliemann had an obsession with Homer’s epic cycles/poems the Iliad and the Odyssey. After cornering the market at the age of 41, he became a millionaire and retired from merchantry to pursue his love of archaeology, committing to proving the actual historicity of the â€Å"Trojan War† and the Homeric city of Troy. (Refer to figure 2.) Schliemann had a good idea of where to begin looking. In 1868, Schliemann journeyed to Greece and Asia Minor in search of the lost city, travelling north-west Turkey to examine both mounds Bunarbashi and Hisarlik. Because, according to Greek myth, the general Agamemnon collected his force in Aulis, a site on the eastern shores of Greece, Troy must have lain to the east of Greece. The Iliad mentioned that Mount Ida was visible from the walls of Troy, but from Bunarbashi the mountain could not be seen. There were also a number of topographical discrepancies such as, the distance from the sea being eight miles where Schliemann approximated from the text that it should not be more than four. Using geographic clues from his copy of the Iliad, Schliemann discovered another hill near the village of Hisarlik that seemed to fit Homer’s description. Schliemann’s decision to excavate at Hisarlik was confirmed after incurring a preceded theory by British archaeologist, Frank Calvert that Hisarlik was indeed the ancient city of Troy. Calvert had been working on the mound for over 20 years and had acquired half of the hill but lacked in finances to pursue further investigations on the site, so he decided to confide his archaeological findings with Schliemann, gaining collaboration with the rich benefactor in uncovering Troy. (Refer to figure 13.) The exact location of Troy (or Ilium) was lost after 400 B.C., and over the centuries the site was buried under many layers of earth, however fortunately preserving the site for its future excavations. Schliemann was to excavate Hisarlik during five separate campaigns: Mycenae (1876-78), Ithaca (1878), Orchomenus, Boeotia (1881-82), and Tiryns (1884-85); but it was the second one of 1871-1873 which proved to be famous. Ruins were uncovered soon after the excavation began at Hisarlik. Nevertheless, Schliemann was perplexed by the complexity of the mound, whose stratification resulted in the discovery of four superimposed towns (later excavations revealing nine cities). (Refer to figure 3.) To get to the supposed level of Homer’s Troy, Troy II, he dug vast trenches through the entire mound, unceasingly demolishing later structures and crucial historical evidence- his reason being that he thought it was built later than Homer, and was therefore in the way. Schliemann mentions employing large numbers of local labourers on the site, which varied from 80-125 men at a time using crude pickaxes, spades, and wheelbarrows to dispose of â€Å"intervening rubble†. On his way through the mound he destroyed the foundations of a large building. Completely ignoring all the layers which clearly revealed a variety of different settlements, he continued to dig- removing an estimated 325,000 cubic yards of earth. (Refer to figure 4.) Priam’s Treasure (refer to figure 5.) consisted of 8700 pieces of golden pendants, earrings, bracelets, rings, diadems, cups, salvers, cauldrons, vases; however Schliemann’s account of finding the treasure unfortunately is believed untrue. His fixation to reach what he considered to be â€Å"the real troy† was so intense as to render him cataloguing some of the more interesting finds even if his dating was totally wrong. Subsequent checks of dates/events do not support Schliemann’s claims. For example, Priam’s alleged Treasure was assigned to Troy II, whereas, we now know from Wilhelm Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rpfeld’s later excavations that King Priam would have reined Troy VI or VIIa, which occupied hundreds of years later. (Refer to figure 6.) Unlike many of his scholarly contemporaries, Heinrich Schliemann regarded the stories of the ancient Greek poet Homer as being literally true. He used this as the basis of dating all artefacts obtained from the dig, essentially using philology as a method of relative dating. In an analogy to philological methods, he used the term â€Å"comparative archaeology† to his system as early as 1880, pointing out in a letter: â€Å"In its way comparative pottery is as important as comparative philology.† His diaries, such as Troja, (refer to figure 7.) reveal detailed records containing sketches and accounts of all the finds- geological, botanical, and meteorological observations. However, Schliemann worked in an era when archaeology was mostly treasure-hunting. Only some of the most advanced archaeologists were beginning to understand that excavation is a destructive process- It must be done slowly and carefully, while recording detailed information, to learn as much as possible. When Schliemann began excavating, there was no accepted practice existed for archaeological fieldwork. Stratigraphy had been observed and understood in the Danish peat bogs, the Jutland barrows, and the prehistoric Swiss Lake dwellings, but Hisarlik was the first large dry-land man-made mound to be dug. Schliemann was no pioneer of the rudimentary scientific archaeology and did not adhere to a scientific method when carelessly excavating Troy. Later on as his career progressed, he eventually enlisted the help of specialists such as Rudolph Virchow (pathologist, anthropologist, pre-historian, biologist), Archibald Sayce (linguist), Max Mà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ller (German philologist and orientalist), and Wilhelm Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rpfeld. Wilhelm Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rpfeld, a famous architect can be accredited for teaching Schliemann archaeological method, specifically how to dig stratigraphically at Troy, majorly assisting with Troy’s stratigraphical dating methodology (and after Schliemann’s death was able to determine that Troy VI, not Troy II was most probably Homer’s Troy). Ironically, Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rpfeld joined the team around 1882, once Schliemann had already mass-destructively excavated Troy layer-by-layer from top through to bottom. It was then that Schliemann realized that he had gone too far because the settlement at the Hisarlik site predated Troy II by 1,700 years, however all in vain as irreversible damage done to the stratigraphy meant the loss of its multiple cities. A popular tourist attraction, this can still be seen today in Turkey at the ruins of Troy where walls from different historical periods have been excavated. (Refer to Figures 8 and 9.) Many other archaeologists followed Schliemann, conducting more methodical and scientific excavations of lands surrounding the Aegean. Recent archaeology of the classic civilizations of Europe has concentrated on the lives of common citizens. American archaeologist David Soren, for example, led a research team in the 1980s in southwestern Cyprus. Soren and his team reconstructed the events of a powerful earthquake that struck the Roman port of Kourion in AD 365. Soren’s team uncovered collapsed buildings in which entire families had been buried in their sleep. Despite Schliemann’s controversial reputation as a fraudulently cunning and amateur archaeologist among historians, his discovery and excavations of Troy has left a legacy on historians and archaeologists today. More importantly, Schliemann revived the lost interest in Ancient Greek societies and was one of the first popularisers of archaeology. With his books and dispatches to The Times, the Daily Telegraph and other papers he kept the world informed and excited by his archaeological discoveries as no one had done before. (Refer to figure 14.) Most scholars considered Homer’s stories of the Trojan War to be just Myths. (Refer to figure 12.) By excavating Hisarlik, Schliemann successfully disproved them; although his work raised more controversy over the existence of troy and the authenticity and historicity of Homer’s Epic poems/cycles among historians [i.e. Michael Woods] (refer to Figure 11.). This has lead on to a legacy of excavations to be held at Troy till this day (Refer to Figure 10.) including those of Dà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½rpfeld, Carl Blegen, and Manfred Korfmann who all proved evidence of occupation/activity on the site from findings of skeletons, helmets, bronze weaponry as described in the Iliad; with the help of University knowledge and more advanced technology which helped draw conclusions of more accurate stratigraphy dating of the cities and artefacts. If the Trojan War is accepted as an authentic event in history, there are many opinions divided over the subject of the wooden horse leading to Troy’s downfall. Cline, a Bronze Age scholar, has suggested that the Trojan Horse could have been a reference to an earthquake, since Poseidon- the sea god also known as â€Å"Earth-shaker†- had the horse as his particular animal. (Refer to figure 16.) As mentioned earlier, Schliemann worked in an era when archaeology was mostly treasure-hunting, but he had successfully demonstrated the value of archaeology for historical purposes, being the first person to test an ancient myth by excavating an archaeological site. He discovered Homeric Troy as well as a citadel that existed long before homer- a prehistoric Bronze Age civilisation in Turkey. Prior to that, historians only recognised 4 empires: Greece, Rome, Egypt, and Babylon-Assyria. Schliemann discovered two new civilisations which lengthened the perspective of history; nearly discovering a third, situated in prehistoric Crete. Because of his errors and mistakes, archaeologists are more wary of archaeological methods of excavation and have improved in preserving/conserving sites whilst excavating. Another contribution to archaeologists was his very careful observation of pottery. In the 1800s, objects such as pottery were only important for display in museum show cases. But Schliemann insisted that pottery, even fragments of unpainted coarse ware, constitute as a historical document/clue. He realized value of pottery for chronological and stratigraphical questions. In an 1873 newspaper, Schliemann wrote â€Å"At any place, where there have been human settlements, we find lots of potsherds, which are far more durable than city-walls or fortification-walls†¦They give us two termini for the date of the enclosing walls: they can neither be older than the oldest potsherds, nor later than the latest.† For example, most historians and archaeologists of the time believed the city of Troy never existed and among the few that did, most deemed Bunarbashi-located a few miles inland from the Aegean sea as the location. Schliemann, not only argued this using philological comparison to the Iliad, but also proved that Bunarbashi could not be the site of troy, because of potsherds-he found no potsherd older than the fifth or 6th century BC. Ancient Greek historians placed the Trojan War variously in our 12th, 13th, or 14th century BC: Eratosthenes to 1184 BC, Herodotus to 1250 BC, and Duris of Samos to 1334 BC. The legacy of Troy has since prompted Hollywood’s â€Å"long love affair† with the ancient world- inspiring the genre of the â€Å"sword and sandal epics†; and continues to be a popular subject that many Hollywood directors attempt to interpret and reconstruct- despite the highly inaccurate facts regarding characters and the series of events plot development. However, they remain imbedded in our mass media and popular culture; varying from 1950s-1960s classics like that of Ben Hur, Cleopatra, Spartacus, The Ten Commandments or the more contemporary editions such as 2004 make Troy starring the likes of Brad Pitt, Eric Bana, Rose Byrne, and Orlando Bloom. (Refer to Figure 15.) In conclusion, Heinrich Schliemann’s discovery of Troy served as a stepping stone in what we know as modern archaeology. He uncovered Troy of Homeric legend and found a new world of recovered history. But the question of if he really did find Homer’s city of Troy, no one can know for sure. Whether or not it is, Schliemann definitely won himself a place in history as the â€Å"father of archaeology’- and his excavations at Troy are still widely studied by many students; who learn from his mistakes in crude methodology as well as adopt his romance for the lost city (or cities) of troy.

ECCB & Property Development in Malaysia Essay

Marketers are either directly or indirectly involved in the efforts to promote environmentally conscious behavior amongst the consumers with a view to addressing the global concerns about the global warming (Rauschelbach, 2002). Governments have come up with various policies on climate change that companies and corporations, both national and multinational, must comply with. Consumers in Malaysia and other countries have started being environment conscious by consuming environmentally friendly products (Woolley & Kimmins). The environmentally conscious consumer behavior is a way the consumers ensure that environment around them is preserved, especially in view of escalating challenges of garbage disposal and depletion of the available natural resources. It is important to note that consumers are involved in environmentally conscious consumption because they have acknowledged personal responsibility for the environmental pollution problem (Hoyer, 2008). The influence on consumers to adopt the approach of environmentally friendly consumption has been enhanced by media campaigns organized by various stakeholders in collaboration with relevant government institutions. Producing and supplying environmentally friendly products is one of the effective selling points for most corporations all over the world. This paper will therefore discuss ways in which property development companies can target and then position themselves into the growing market arising from Environmentally Conscious Consumer Behavior in Malaysia. How property development companies can target and then, position themselves into the growing market arising from the ECCB in Malaysia Producing eco-friendly products is one of the most important promotional points for the 21st century corporations. This is facilitated by the fact that most product consumers in Malaysia are increasingly becoming aware of the need to conserve the environment, especially with respect to climate change; and the trend is the same all over the world. Consequently, this has resulted into a market where consumers are more drawn to environmentally friendly products than ever. Going by the statistics provided by the United Nations Environmental Programme (2007) property developments industry contributes approximately 30%-40% of the total global carbon dioxide emission arising from energy consumption. Coupled with the market arising from Environmentally Conscious Consumer Behavior, the property development sector is forced to reconsider the products it avails to the consumers in the property market. There are arrange of options available to the property developers in Malaysia that can enable them to target and position themselves in the Malaysian market arising from Environmentally Conscious Consumer Behavior. It is important to note that consumers are increasingly becoming concerned about global warming and one way through which they can effective participate is by holding producers accountable to global warming paying attention to whether the production process leads to increased greenhouse gas emissions (Fischer & Black, 1995). One of the ways through which the property development companies in Malaysia can use to target and position themselves in Malaysian market is reducing energy usage for the property in offer. The companies can ensure the lighting systems in their property utilize more environmental friendly energy sources. For instance, they can face out the use of traditional incandescent bulbs and replace them with compact fluorescent lighting tubes (Kelly, 2009). It is also crucial to note that a larger percentage of energy consumptions take place during the period buildings are in use than during the construction process. The energy usage during the life time of a building, energy usage may include heating, ventilation, cooling and lighting amongst other energy using appliances. In order to target and position themselves in the Malaysian property market, the companies can adopt the use of the most advanced technologies like thermal insulation, utilize solar shading and also fit their property with energy efficient appliances (Kelly, 2009). The Standards and Industrial Research Institute of Malaysia (SIRIM) came up with a labeling program in which products are verified as environmentally friendly. The property companies ensure that they purchase their fittings from such suppliers whose products are genuinely labeled as environment friendly; this should be informed by the fact that as many of Malaysian consumers as possible are becoming aware of the labeling programme and hence are cautious with their consumption behavior. Besides, this can be reinforced by engaging more in environmental campaigns to convince the consumers that they seriously committed to the conservation of environment and its resources (Abdullah, 1999). The materials used in constructing property are very crucial in terms of environmental concerns. The property companies should use non-toxic construction materials that do not contain chemicals and substances like mercury and the in the process of marketing they should emphasize on such characteristics. Moreover, it is important to note that environment conservation groups are slowly increasing in number; these groups have attracted the attention of the advertising firms. It is of great benefit for property companies in Malaysia to use these groups and or advertise through the firms that have strong link with such groups (Wells, 2007). Disposal of household wastes are an important component of environmental conservation. Property companies should ensure that their buildings are equipped with safe, efficient and eco-friendly means of disposing wastes. This may include mobile waste bins which can be emptied in a track and waste transported to appropriate places. In addition to this, the sewerage systems should also encourage hygiene and have no health risks which are some of the major concerns for most consumers (Snyder, 2000). There are also a number of activities that companies can initiate and support amongst the Malaysian communities. They can fund eco-friendly initiatives like planting of trees and facilitating research towards finding alternative energy sources. Again, the companies can ensure that their property is located in a clean neighborhood. This has the potential to attract more of the Environmentally Conscious Consumers (ECC). Conclusion Environmentally Conscious Consumer Behavior has had significant effects on how property companies strategize on penetrating the market. The companies have to ensure their products are environmentally friendly so as to attract the Malaysian property buyers. However, there are range strategies that can assist the companies in targeting and positioning themselves in the Malaysian property market where consumers are increasing getting concerned with the conservation of environment. When the buildings are constructed with harmless materials which do not contain chemicals and substances like mercury, the companies are highly likely to get more buyers. Moreover, with label identity policy for eco-friendly products in Malaysia, most consumers will check on such labels before finally making purchase. It is therefore imperative that property companies should partner with such suppliers whose products meet the labeling standards (Abdullah, 1999). The companies can also ensure that lighting systems in their property are energy efficient. Instead of using the traditional lighting bulbs like incandescent, the companies can fit their buildings with energy efficient fluorescent tubes (Kelly, 2009). Besides, they can also support environment conservation initiatives in communities; this can also include using advertising firms that have strong links with environment conservation groups. References Abdullah, M. (1999). Small and medium enterprises in Malaysia: policy issues and challenges. Malaysia: Ashgate. Fischer, F. & Black, M. (1995). Greening environmental policy: the politics of a sustainable future. United States: Palgrave Macmillan. Hoyer, D. , et al. (2008). Consumer Behavior. London: Cengage Learning. Kelly, D. (2009). Community planning: an introduction to the comprehensive plan. U. S: Island Press. Rauschelbach, B. (2002). Cooperating for sustainable tourism: proceedings of the Forum International at the Reisepavillon, 2002. U. S: Kasparek Verlag. Snyder, C. (2000). Union County, Pennsylvania: a celebration of history. U. S: Penn State Press. United Ntaions Environmental Programme. (March 2007). Environment for development. Retrieved from: http://www. unep. org/Documents. Multilingual/Default. asp? DocumentID=502&ArticleID=5545&l=en[Accessed August 24, 2010]. Wells, W. (2007). Blueprint for greening affordable housing. United States: Island Press. Woolley, T. & Kimmins, S. (2000). Green building handbook: a guide to building products and their impact on the environment, Volume 2. New York: Taylor & Francis.

Foreshadowing in Moby Dick

Foreshadowing in Moby Dick Free Online Research Papers During the â€Å"gams† between two ships in Herman Melville’s novel Moby-Dick, the communication- or lack thereof- between the ships often serves as foreshadowing of the Pequod’s ultimate demise. The gams, meant to be seen as a social gathering between the two ships to exchange mail and news, occur during Moby-Dick nine times. Each of the gams sheds some light on the quest for the great whale, but ultimately it is the communication that occurs between the Pequod and the other ships, particularly the Albatross, the Jeroboam, and the Samuel Enderby, that dictates the kind of information that will be gathered during the gam. The gam between the Pequod and the Albatross is the first gam in Moby-Dick. Although the gam with the Albatross is not particularly successful, the lack of communication between the Pequod and the Albatross during the gam has much significance. When the Pequod and the Albatross first meet, Ahab’s first question to the captain of the ship is â€Å"Have you seen the White Whale?† This same question is asked of the other eight ships that the Pequod encounters, and when Ahab doesn’t get a good answer to this question, he refuses to participate in the gam. Because Ahab is so focused on whether the captain of the ship has seen the white whale, he is unwilling to participate in gams unless he can use them to gain information relevant to his quest. Ahab waits anxiously for the captain of the Albatross, to answer his question. But the captains speaking trumpet falls into the sea, and his unamplified voice doesnt carry in the wind. To the Pequods sailors, the accident is a symbol of Moby-Dicks evil power. It is also Melvilles way of saying that there are mysteries that cant be communicated to others, and that the future is unknowable. Melville gives another clue to Ahabs personality when he describes the captains reaction as the wakes of the two ships intermingle and schools of fish that had been swimming alongside the Pequod go over to the Albatross. Such movements by fish are common at sea, but Ahab reacts with shock. Ahab reacts in this way because he realizes that his quest for Moby-Dick is unreasonable, even abhorrent, a judgment confirmed by the departure of the fish. He also wants help-spiritual or physical-in his quest, and is saddened when the fish wont accompany him. Seeing an albatross at sea is usually a good omen. Ho wever, because of the little communication between the Pequod and the Albatross, as well as the schools of fish going to the Albatross, the gam is seen as a bad omen. If communication between the two ships has been better, we may have found out more about the White Whale and Ahab’s quest. But, since communication wasn’t possible between the Pequod and the Albatross, the mysteries of the Albatross will never be communicated to the Pequod. In the rest of the gams in Moby-Dick, communication plays a big part in foreshadowing for the Pequod. In the gam with the Jeroboam, for example, the sailors from the Pequod can’t step aboard the Jeroboam because of an epidemic that has broken out on the Jeroboam. Thus, communication is limited between the two ships, foreshadowing bad news for the Pequod. Indeed, in every way the Jeroboam is a warning to Ahab. Gabriel is one of a series of prophets able to speak a mad truth about the dangers of Ahabs quest. To Gabriel, as to Ahab, the whale is a symbol of Gods wrath. But where Gabriel madly flees the whale, Ahab pursues it. By contrast, the gams where communication is better between the two ships often bring better news. During the gam with the Samuel Enderby, Ahab finally finds a ship that has seen the white whale, after dealing with inexperienced ships that had never even heard of Moby-Dick before. Even during the Samuel Enderby gam, communication is limited because Ahab can’t set foot on the ship because of his leg. The captain of the Samuel Enderby, Boomer, is in a similar position, as he lost his arm to the white whale. Boomer tells Ahab that he glimpsed Moby-Dick twice more, but didnt chase him. Losing one arm is enough. But what Boomer thinks is best left alone is the very thing that most draws Ahab. When Bunger jokingly checks Ahab to see if hes feverish, Ahab roars into a rage so great Boomer asks if hes crazy. But the man Boomer asks is Fedallah, fully a part of the mad quest. Ahab and Fedallah leave the Samuel Enderby, ignoring Boomer’s shouts. Boomer and Bunger are representatives of a common-sense attitude toward the dangers of the world-if something has injured you once, it should be avoided in the future. And Bunger, in his dry, witty way, gives the common sense view that the whale is not evil, merely clumsy. But Ahab is incapable of such sense about the creature that maimed him. The gams highlight Ahab’s obsession with Moby-Dick by introducing characters like Boomer, who have seen the white whale but did not react as strongly as Ahab. The communication between the Pequod and the other ships during the gams in Moby-Dick serves as foreshadowing for what happens to the Pequod at the end of the novel. A lack of communication between the two ships, as seen in the Albatross gam, shows a lack of understanding. Limited communication, or none, foreshadows negatively for the Pequod. Ahab also limits the communication during the gams, because his obsession with the white whale prevents communication. The communication during the presentation of the gams during Moby-Dick is an indicator of what information will be gathered during the gam. Research Papers on Foreshadowing in Moby DickBringing Democracy to AfricaMind TravelThe Hockey GameAnalysis Of A Cosmetics AdvertisementWhere Wild and West MeetBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaOpen Architechture a white paperQuebec and CanadaEffects of Television Violence on Children

Polska

Polska Gypsies: The forgotten victims of the Holocaust The Holocaust was a well-organized and ruthless persecution and annihilation of the European Jewry and other minorities, which was marked by increasing barbarity as the territories under German rule expanded. During the 12 years of Nazi domination millions of people including mentally ill, homosexuals, Poles, Russians, Catholic priests, Jehova's Witnesses, Gypsies, homeless and poor as well as many others perished in the name of pure, Aryan race. Hitler believed that "the stronger must dominate and not blend with the weaker"‚  where the ladder has to be eliminated if needed in order to persevere the greatness of the superior (Hitler 285). The European Jewry was targeted as the "sickness"‚  that had to be cured using "extraordinary"‚  but necessary methods. While examining the Holocaust one is forced to wander about its "Jewishness."‚  The question is not whether the Holocaust "had a distinctly Jewish aspect t o it"‚  but why thousands of other minorities that perished during that time are still not accounted for? To be more specific, one should also focus on the non-Jewish victims that were included in the genocide of the 1933-1945 period.Adolf Hitler in Yugoslavia.This concern stems from the fact that the annihilation of the Gypsies who were included in the "final solution remains one of the most neglected chapters in the history of that fateful era"‚  (Lewy VII).To gain understanding of Nazi agenda and its success, it is necessary to learn about the founding factors that contributed to its rise in power. National Socialism is the root of Nazism where its ideologies have been carefully crafted by numerous German thinkers as well as non-German writers such as Thomas Carlyle, Auguste Comte and Georges Sorel. The basic premise of National Socialism is "collectivism freed from all traces of an individual tradition"‚  (Hayek 183). Nearly...

Mary Wollstonecrafts Life of Thirty-Eight Years

Mary Wollstonecraft's Life of Thirty-Eight Years Dates:  April  27, 1759 -  September 10, 1797 Known for: Mary Wollstonecrafts  A Vindication of the Rights of Woman  is one of the most important documents in the history of womens rights and feminism. The author  herself lived an often-troubled personal life, and her early death of childbed fever cut short her evolving ideas. Her second daughter,  Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin Shelley, was Percy Shelleys second wife and author of the book,  Frankenstein. The Power of Experience Mary Wollstonecraft believed that ones life experiences had a crucial impact on ones possibilities and character.  Her own life illustrates this power of experience. Commentators on Mary Wollstonecrafts ideas from her own time until now have looked at the ways in which her own experience influenced her ideas. She handled her own examination of this influence on her own work mostly through fiction and indirect reference. Both those who agreed with Mary Wollstonecraft and detractors have pointed to her up-and-down personal life to explain much about her proposals for womens equality, womens education, and human possibility. For instance, in 1947, Ferdinand Lundberg and Marynia F. Farnham, Freudian psychiatrists, said this about Mary Wollstonecraft: Mary Wollstonecraft hated men. She had every personal reason possible known to psychiatry for hating them. Hers was hatred of creatures she greatly admired and feared, creatures that seemed to her capable of doing everything while women to her seemed capable of doing nothing whatever, in their own nature being pitifully weak in comparison with the strong, lordly male. This analysis follows a sweeping statement saying that Wollstonecrafts A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (these authors also mistakenly substitute Women for Woman in the title) proposes in general, that women should behave as nearly as possible like men. Im not sure how one could make such a statement after actually reading A Vindication, but it leads to their conclusion that Mary Wollstonecraft was an extreme neurotic of a compulsive type... Out of her illness arose the ideology of feminism... [See the Lundberg/Farnham essay reprinted in Carol H. Postons Norton Critical Edition of A Vindication of the Rights of Woman pp. 273-276.) What were those personal reasons for Mary Wollstonecrafts ideas that her detractors and defenders alike could point to? Mary Wollstonecrafts Early Life Mary Wollstonecraft was born on April 27, 1759. Her father had inherited wealth from his father but spent the entire fortune. He drank heavily and apparently was abusive verbally and perhaps physically. He failed in his many attempts at farming, and when Mary was fifteen, the family moved to Hoxton, a suburb of London. Here Mary met Fanny Blood, to become perhaps her closest friend. The family moved to Wales and then back to London as Edward Wollstonecraft tried to make a living. At nineteen, Mary Wollstonecraft took a position that was one of the few available to middle class educated women: a companion to an older woman. She traveled in England with her charge, Mrs. Dawson, but two years later returned home to attend her mother who was dying. Two years after Marys return, her mother died and her father remarried and moved to Wales. Marys sister Eliza married, and Mary moved in with her friend Fanny Blood and her family, helping to support the family through her needlework another of the few routes open to women for economic self-support. Eliza gave birth within another year, and her husband, Meridith Bishop, wrote to Mary and asked that she return to nurse her sister whose mental condition had deteriorated seriously. Marys theory was that Elizas condition was the result of her husbands treatment of her, and Mary helped Eliza leave her husband and arrange a legal separation. Under the laws of the time, Eliza had to leave her young son with his father, and the son died before his first birthday. Mary Wollstonecraft, her sister Eliza Bishop, her friend Fanny Blood and later Marys and Elizas sister Everina turned to another possible means of financial support for themselves and opened a school in Newington Green. It is in Newington Green that Mary Wollstonecraft first met the clergyman Richard Price whose friendship led to meeting many of the liberals among Englands intellectuals. Fanny decided to marry, and, pregnant soon after the marriage, called Mary to be with her in Lisbon for the birth. Fanny and her baby died soon after the premature birth. When Mary Wollstonecraft returned to England, she closed the financially-struggling school and wrote her first book, Thoughts on the Education of Daughters. She then took a position in yet another respectable profession for women of her background and circumstances: governess. After a year of traveling in Ireland and England with the family of her employer, Viscount Kingsborough, Mary was fired by Lady Kingsborough for becoming too close to her charges. And so Mary Wollstonecraft decided that her means of support had to be her writing, and she returned to London in 1787. Mary Wollstonecraft Takes Up Writing From the circle of English intellectuals to whom shed been introduced through Rev. Price, Mary Wollstonecraft had met Joseph Johnson, a leading publisher of the liberal ideas of England. Mary Wollstonecraft wrote and published a novel,  Mary, a Fiction, which was a thinly-disguised novel drawing heavily on her own life. Just before shed written  Mary, a Fiction, shed written to her sister about reading Rousseau, and her admiration for his attempt to portray in fiction the ideas which he believed. Clearly,  Mary, a Fiction  was in part her answer to Rousseau, an attempt to portray the way that a womans limited options and the serious oppression of a woman by circumstances in her life, led her to a bad end. Mary Wollstonecraft also published a childrens book,  Original Stories from Real Life,  again integrating fiction and reality creatively. To further her goal of financial self-sufficiency, she also took on translation and published a translation from French of a book by Jacques Necker. Joseph Johnson recruited Mary Wollstonecraft to write reviews and articles for his journal,  Analytical Review. As part of Johnsons and Prices circles, she met and interacted with many of the great thinkers of the time. Their admiration for the French Revolution was a frequent topic of their discussions. Liberty in the Air Certainly, this was a period of exhilaration for Mary Wollstonecraft. Accepted into circles of intellectuals, beginning to make her living with her own efforts, and expanding her own education through reading and discussion, she had achieved a position in sharp contrast to that of her mother, sister, and friend Fanny. The hopefulness of the liberal circle about the French Revolution and its potentials for liberty and human fulfillment plus her own more secure life are reflected in Wollstonecrafts energy and enthusiasm. In 1791, in London, Mary Wollstonecraft attended a dinner for Thomas Paine hosted by Joseph Johnson. Paine, whose recent  The Rights of Man  had defended the French Revolution, was among the writers Johnson published others included Priestley, Coleridge, Blake, and Wordsworth. At this dinner, she met another of the writers for Johnsons  Analytical Review,  William Godwin. His recollection was that the two of them Godwin and Wollstonecraft immediately took a dislike to each other, and their loud and angry argument over dinner made it nearly impossible for the better-known guests to even attempt conversation. The Rights of Men When Edmund Burke wrote his response to Paines  The Rights of Man, his  Reflections on the Revolution in France, Mary Wollstonecraft published her response,  A Vindication of the Rights of Men. As was common for women writers and with anti-revolutionary sentiment quite volatile in England, she published it anonymously at first, adding her name in 1791 to the second edition. In  A Vindication of the Rights of Men, Mary Wollstonecraft takes exception to one of Burkes points: that chivalry by the more powerful makes unnecessary rights for the less powerful. Illustrating her own argument are examples of the lack of chivalry, not only in practice but embedded in English law. Chivalry was not, for Mary or for many women, their experience of how more powerful men acted towards women. Vindication of the Rights of Woman Later in 1791, Mary Wollstonecraft published  A Vindication of the Rights of Woman,  further exploring issues  of womens education, womens equality, womens status, womens rights and the role of public/private, political/domestic life. Off to Paris After correcting her first edition of the  Vindication of the Rights of Woman  and issuing a second, Wollstonecraft decided to go directly to Paris to see for herself what the French Revolution was evolving towards. Mary Wollstonecraft in France Mary Wollstonecraft arrived in France alone but soon met Gilbert Imlay, an American adventurer. Mary Wollstonecraft, like many of the foreign visitors in France, realized quickly that the Revolution was creating danger and chaos for everyone, and moved with Imlay to a house in the suburbs of Paris. A few months later, when she returned to Paris, she registered at the American Embassy as Imlays wife, though they never actually married. As the wife of an American citizen, Mary Wollstonecraft would be under the protection of the Americans. Pregnant with Imlays child, Wollstonecraft began to realize that Imlays commitment to her was not as strong as she had expected. She followed him to Le Havre and then, after the birth of their daughter, Fanny, followed him to Paris. He returned almost immediately to London, leaving Fanny and Mary alone in Paris. Reaction to the French Revolution Allied with the Girondists of France, she watched in horror as these allies were guillotined. Thomas Paine was imprisoned in France, whose Revolution he had so nobly defended. Writing through this time, Mary Wollstonecraft then published  Historical and Moral View of the Origin and Progress of the French Revolution, documenting her awareness that the revolutions grand hope for human equality was not being fully actualized. Back to England, Off to Sweden Mary Wollstonecraft finally returned to London with her daughter, and there for the first time attempted suicide over her despondency over Imlays inconsistent commitment. Imlay rescued Mary Wollstonecraft from her suicide attempt, and, a few months later, sent her on an important and sensitive business venture to Scandinavia. Mary, Fanny, and her daughters nurse Marguerite traveled through Scandinavia, attempting to track down a ships captain who had apparently absconded with a fortune that was to be traded in Sweden for goods to import past the English blockade of France. She had with her a letter with little precedent in the context of 18th century womens status giving her legal power of attorney to represent Imlay in attempting to resolve his difficulty with his business partner and with the missing captain. During her time in Scandinavia as she attempted to track down the people involved with the missing gold and silver, Mary Wollstonecraft wrote letters of her observations of the culture and people she met as well as of the natural world. She returned from her trip, and in London discovered that Imlay was living with an actress. She attempted another suicide and was again rescued. Her letters written from her trip, full of emotion as well as passionate political fervor, were published a year after her return, as  Letters Written during a Short Residence in Sweden, Norway, and Denmark. Done with Imlay, Mary Wollstonecraft took up writing again, renewed her involvement in the circle of English Jacobins, defenders of the Revolution, and decided to renew one particular old and brief acquaintance. William Godwin: an Unconventional Relationship Having lived with and borne a child to Gilbert Imlay, and having decided to make her living in what was considered a mans profession, Mary Wollstonecraft had learned not to obey convention. So in 1796, she decided, against all social convention, to call upon William Godwin, her fellow  Analytical Review  writer and dinner-party-antagonist, at his home, on  April 14, 1796. Godwin had read her  Letters from Sweden,  and from that book had gained a different perspective on Marys thought. Where hed formerly found her too rational and distant and critical, he now found her emotionally deep and sensitive. His own natural optimism, which had reacted against her seemingly-natural pessimism, found a different Mary Wollstonecraft in the  Letters   in their appreciation of nature, their keen insights into a different culture, their exposition of the character of the people shed met. If ever there was a book calculated to make a man in love with its author, this appears to me to be the book, Godwin wrote later. Their friendship deepened quickly into a love affair, and by August they were lovers. Marriage By next March, Godwin and Wollstonecraft faced a dilemma. Theyd both written and spoken in principle against the idea of marriage, which was at that time a legal institution in which women lost legal existence, subsumed legally in their husbands identity. Marriage as a legal institution was far from their ideals of loving companionship. But Mary was pregnant with Godwins child, and so on March 29, 1797, they married. Their daughter, named  Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin, was born on August 30 and on September 10, Mary Wollstonecraft died of septicemia blood poisoning known as childbed fever. After Her Death Mary Wollstonecrafts last year with Godwin had, however, not been spent in domestic activities alone they had, in fact, maintained separate residences so that both could continue their writing. Godwin published in January 1798, several of Marys works that shed been working on before her unexpected death. He published a volume  The Posthumous Works  along with his own  Memoirs  of Mary. Unconventional to the end, Godwin in his  Memoirs  was brutally honest about the circumstances of Marys life her love affair with and betrayal by Imlay, her daughter Fannys illegitimate birth, her suicide attempts in her despondency over Imlays unfaithfulness and failure to live up to her ideals of commitment. These details of Wollstonecrafts life, in the cultural reaction to the French Revolutions failure, resulted in her near-neglect by thinkers and writers for decades, and scathing reviews of her work by others. Mary Wollstonecrafts death itself was used to disprove claims of womens equality. Rev. Polwhele, who attacked Mary Wollstonecraft and other women authors, wrote that she died a death that strongly marked the distinction of the sexes, by pointing out the destiny of women, and the diseases to which they are liable. And yet, such susceptibility to death in childbirth was not something Mary Wollstonecraft had been unaware of, in writing her novels and political analysis. In fact, her friend Fannys early death, her mothers and her sisters precarious positions as wives to abusive husbands, and her own troubles with Imlays treatment of her and their daughter, she was quite aware of such distinction and based her arguments for equality in part on the need to transcend and do away with such inequities. Mary Wollstonecrafts final novel  Maria, or the Wrongs of Woman,  published by Godwin after her death, is a new attempt to explain her ideas about the unsatisfactory position of women in contemporary society, and therefore justify her ideas for reform. As Mary Wollstonecraft had written in 1783, just after her novel  Mary  was published, she herself recognized that it is a tale, to illustrate an opinion of mine, that a genius will educate itself. The two novels and Marys life illustrate that circumstances will limit the opportunities for expression but that genius will work to educate itself. The ending is not necessarily going to be happy because the limitations that society and nature place on human development may be too strong to overcome all attempts at self-fulfillment yet the self has incredible power to work to overcome those limits. What more could be achieved if such limits were reduced or removed! Experience and Life Mary Wollstonecrafts life was filled with both depths of unhappiness and struggle, and peaks of achievement and happiness. From her early exposure to abuse of women and the dangerous possibilities of marriage and childbirth to her later blossoming as an accepted intellect and thinker, then her sense of being betrayed by both Imlay and the French Revolution followed by her association in a happy, productive and relationship with Godwin, and finally by her sudden and tragic death, Mary Wollstonecrafts experience and her work were intimately tied together, and illustrate her own conviction that experience cannot be neglected in philosophy and literature. Mary Wollstonecrafts exploration cut short by her death of the integration of sense and reason, imagination and thought looks toward 19th century thought, and was part of the movement from Enlightenment to Romanticism. Mary Wollstonecrafts ideas on public versus private life, politics and domestic spheres, and men and women were, though too often neglected, nevertheless important influences on the thought and development of philosophy and political ideas that resonate even today. More About Mary Wollstonecraft Mary Wollstonecraft Quotations  - key quotations from Mary Wollstonecrafts workJudith Sargent Murray  - a contemporary feminist, from AmericaOlympe de Gouges  - a contemporary feminist, from FranceMary Wollstonecraft Shelley  - Mary Wollstonecrafts daughter, author of  Frankenstein

Inferential Statistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Inferential Statistics - Essay Example The study aimed at establishing whether the Federal workers’ compensation cases referred to Navy physicians for medical opinions in any way had an influence on the final decision made by the Department of Labor’s Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs (OWCPs) (p.18). Some independent variables were claimant’s age and categories of the case (p.19). The dependent variable was â€Å"decision outcomes†. The study tested whether decision outcome in the compensation cases was dependent on the physician’s review report. The researchers used a descriptive epidemiological study to select the 325 worker’s compensation cases from the navy injury compensation programme administrators. The cases were sampled from all over the United States between 2006 and 2010. The filed selected cases were treated as participants in this study, although the owners were not directly interviewed. The particular bias inherent in the study was that the cases tested were the ones which the ICPAs analysed as unusual, and thus needed a support from a physician. If this was the case, the physicians would have rejected most of the cases, which did not require a physician to strengthen the claim (p.19). However, the researchers were alarmed by the fact that physicians recommended in favour of the claimant in most of the referred cases. Since the review was found to influence decision, the whole process might have had a degree of bias. In the study, the researchers used retrospective case study and descriptive analysis of the 258 physician opinion letters written between 2006 and 2010. They used analysis of variance (ANOVA) to test the significance of the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. One ethical concern is the disclosure of the medical records of the claimants without their consent. Given that they were not requested when their information was being tracked, neither were their physicians, this can

ILLEGAL LOGGING & DISASTERS IN THE PHILIPPINES Essay

ILLEGAL LOGGING & DISASTERS IN THE PHILIPPINES - Essay Example Humility and poverty are focused by Franciscan spirituality due to several reasons. They provide the means for understanding the real purpose of existence. Excessive material wealth leads to avarice, greed, and hatred which can cause the destruction of humanity. Thus the notion of believing in Christ helps an individual to contemplate about the Crucifixion and Resurrection. It helps the individual to recognize the unique creation of humanity that is entrusted with the task of creating a just and humane society. The Philippines is a great nation with a talented and productive workforce. It has natural resources that are being threatened by unscrupulous individuals who desire greed and profit. Illegal logging poses a serious threat to indigenous people and local habitats. It has the potential of creating natural disasters that increase misery and oppression. The goal of this paper is to apply Franciscan spiritual principles in the context of illegal logging and natural disasters in the country. It seeks to develop a collective response by focusing on the major principles of spirituality. Background Franciscan spirituality is based upon the notion of living a life that is filled with humility and poverty. It encourages the development of spirituality as the means to attaining eternal grace and union with God3. It embraces the notion of living as Christ because he is the symbol of divinity and humanity. His crucifixion enables the believer to contemplate about the changing environment. It creates an environment where success can be attained by recognizing the value of human life4. Spirituality means the application of moral principles that enable a human to live in harmony and balance with the external environment. Every action of humans must be Christian centric because ultimately it will be the criteria for success. The Philippines is a beautiful country with a hardworking and talented people5. It has numerous resources like natural habitats and environmental won ders. All of these resources are under threat from unscrupulous individuals who seek to destroy them for their own purposes. Illegal logging and natural disasters pose a threat to the integrity of the country. It is contrary to the natural values that embrace the notion of solidarity, peace, and harmony with the external environment. Franciscan spirituality advocates love for all human beings irrespective of their differences6. It embraces the notion of poverty as a means of fulfilling the covenant of Christ. It believes in the absolute supremacy of poverty because richness is really found in the spiritual domain. Application of Franciscan Spirituality Franciscan spirituality is derived from the Christian notion of perfection and sanctity because the believer is encouraged to achieve the ultimate dream of eternal union with the divine entity7. Hence it advocates the development of a spiritual framework that seeks to exert the believer to perform righteous actions to the utmost in or der to achieve sainthood. The Filipino people value the importance of sustainable living with the surrounding environment. This is because the natural environment provides food, shelter, growth, and sustenance. Hence it must be respected according to their natural values and norms. A recurrent theme of Franciscan spirituality is the emphasis towards modesty and destitution8. This is because materialistic possessions tend to create greed and avarice among

Should We Expand Our Support of Literacy Programs for Homeless Essay

Should We Expand Our Support of Literacy Programs for Homeless Children - Essay Example There are several causes of homelessness, such as domestic violence, economic hardships and war. Homelessness is bad because it creates chaos and instability in the family and threatens development of children. Researchers have found that homeless children are mostly made to forego literary and language opportunities. It is known in this context that disruption in educational development and stressed family relationships can lead to severe adversities in a child’s later learning environment (Duffield and Lovell, 2008). Communities are now beginning to realize that while addressing the issue of homelessness, it is not merely enough to resolve problems relative to food and shelter. It is imperative to provide children with literary support through which they can get over with the challenges of coping with homelessness. Research has also shown that in general, homeless children stand higher chances of suffering from health and psychological problems and developmental issues and g enerally demonstrate poor performance in school as compared to other children having permanent housing (US Department of Education, 2011). It is for these reasons that society must expand support of literacy programs for homeless children. Main Body Because of homelessness, children are put at strong risks of poor health. Research has indicated that as compared to children having permanent homes, homeless children stand four times more chances of being in poor health. Such children are two times more likely to visit emergency medical centers and to be deprived of the normal immunizations that are necessary for children. Moreover, homeless children have to often go without food and it is because of these reasons that these children perform poorly in academics. Homeless children get poor results in schools because they have to under go immense turmoil and are at constant risk of being shifted from one school to another, in addition to being made to skip school for an indefinite number of days because of the need to meet their basic family needs. It has been established through research that mobility has a devastating impact on children’s achievements and that it significantly reduces such children’s chances of graduating from high school. Schools are known to provide support to homeless children but they continue to face some unique hurdles in education such as not being able to comply with enrollment conditions relative to proof of residence, guardianship, health records etc. They often change their residences frequently, resulting in unstable schooling and continuity in education. These children are considerably constrained because of lack of transport facilities, inadequate clothing and school supplies, hunger, fatigue and poor health. Mostly, these difficulties for homeless children are not addressed and they are not able to attend school, which prevents them from getting an education that is supposed to be guaranteed by law (Iowa Department of Education, 2004). If initiatives are taken by schools to address the needs of homeless children, a sanctuary of support and stability can be created for them. They can be provided opportunities in acquiring skills needed to rise above poverty and to maintain a sound household as

Blakes Tyger and Bliges No More Drama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blakes Tyger and Bliges No More Drama - Essay Example His work has the art of symbolism embedded in it - a fact that can be seen as he describes one of the Creator's tools as the anvil, thus using the Creator to signify the essence and work of a blacksmith. In this poem, Blake depicts at once, the beauty as well as the fear attached with the natural and the unknown - the tiger. Seen from his eyes, this species is a being of such beauty in all it fine golden colors and ferocity depicted through its claws and teeth as well as the rhythm in its roar, that the onlooker gets intimidated more than anything else. Blake pitches the tiger's case when he speaks of the tiger's aspirations in attaining the strength and beauty as far as covering certain goals and going a certain distance in its lifetime are concerned. If we are to concentrate on the analysis of the language used by Blake, otherwise known as stylistics, we will find a striking use of poetic iconicity that highlights the effect of the tiger on an unassuming onlooker, in its natural habitat. When speaking of burning eyes, Blake not only depicts the fire that rages within this animal, but also shows the ionic significance its eyes bear to the blacksmith's fire - the Creator's fire in which the anvil that created the tiger was seasoned. Also, Blake follows a safe pattern throughout his work - one that comes across through the rhyming words in every sentence and every alternate sentence as the poem progresses. Also, considering the fact that poetry is meant to be crisp in its presentation, Blake has managed to keep alive this trait by employing short and snappy sentences to direct an underscore of energy into the jungle that envelopes this being. In this regard, the lyrics of the song we are comparing with the Tyger, are of a more modern and bold nature. Mary J Blige with her unconventional ways and meaningful videos, is similar to Blake in her style of showing intensity as well as tender feeling towards fellow beings around her, simultaneously. In her song, No More Drama, Blige demonstrates the same crisp style of writing but with less use of rhyming words. The phonetic echo in her song is restricted to the message she is trying to put across through her song. While Blake's Tyger was an epitomy of a certain being, Blige's No more drama is a song about feelings and emotions. Thus, Blake's work is a self contained piece of art that signifies the essence of the fire in the tiger's eyes while Blige's song is one that places more emphasis on the drama portrayed in one's everyday life - a drama supposedly lost to the exit of that special someone. In sound and context, both pieces of work bear similarity in intensity but again, the nuances of the lives obviously led by the two artists are poles apart. Blige, in her ultra modern world, does not see any need for medieval poetic influence in her lyrics, while Blake's agenda seems to one that revolves around making each word meaningful. In short, every stanza of the poem is a theme in itself while the words in Blige's song contribute to a wholesome theme. In this context, it may be seen, that taken separately, the words in Bliges song would mean nothing to the listener in terms of rhythm or focus on language. To divert our attention wholly to Blige's song, we will find that this is one of personal pain, unlike Blake's poem which celebrates the beauty of the tiger and the fear evoked by this being simultaneously. Blige, in her song is more into mundane things and makes

Media Management - Event Planning Event Planning Essay

Media Management - Event Planning Event Planning - Essay Example INTRODUCTION The marketing is the need of every small and large business in today’s world of globalization. The emergence of social media and online bloggers has allowed businesses to market online at low cost. The businesses are taking full advantage of this cheap way of marketing. The options for market a product through different mediums depends on the size and budget of the company (Smith, and Zook, 2011). Nowadays, the perfect competition is prevailing in all the local markets and this intensity of competition made necessity for every local business to create marketing or promotional strategies to stay in the market with handsome profits and differentiated brand image. The event marketing is one of the best suited marketing tools for local area advertising because it directly targets the market of local area community. Most of the events are developed to get the attention of media. Companies want media to talk about them from time to time to publicize the business. Once t he local business gets succeeded in gaining media attention then it would become easy for the local business to create its unique brand image among all the local competitors (Kotler, and Keller, 2009). Event Development (The event is named as a â€Å"Cultural Evening†): The Wild Affair is a big chain of restaurants and the company is now introducing another restaurant in the new local market by creating an event in the area for targeting the local area customers. People that are living in the local area belong to different cultures so the event is organized by considering all the small and large communities living in the area. The event is designed under the consideration of cross-culture function of the society. The event will be arranged in the hall in order to attract large audience. The restaurant has the specialty in 18 different countries foods. So especially for the event the restaurant is designed or decorated with 18 different cultural themes to represent the food av ailability of 18 countries. Every country is represented by its national culture theme or with a small setup with waiters in wearing cultural dresses of each country. The core concept is to position the restaurant and create awareness of its offerings. The culture creates an emotional attachment with the customers. The company wants to connect the emotional attachment with its customer by providing them their cultural environment. Cultural values and cultural food has created a feeling in the consumer’s mind that he/she is serving in its own country. This idea of serving the cultural food with cultural values has made an emotional bonding with customers. This bonding will create the customer loyal to the brand. The restaurant has some additional attractive services as well that are customizing food according to the mood of the customer, additional top-ups and add-ons with the meals. Another perception for the event created is that the company is combining all the communities of the area under the one roof to unite them. This perception can be called as Societal Marketing concept. Alignment of Company’s Mission and Target Audience with the Event: The company’s strategy is to target each community individually and show respect for each community’s culture present in the society. The company has covered all the communiti

Blakes Tyger and Bliges No More Drama Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Blakes Tyger and Bliges No More Drama - Essay Example His work has the art of symbolism embedded in it - a fact that can be seen as he describes one of the Creator's tools as the anvil, thus using the Creator to signify the essence and work of a blacksmith. In this poem, Blake depicts at once, the beauty as well as the fear attached with the natural and the unknown - the tiger. Seen from his eyes, this species is a being of such beauty in all it fine golden colors and ferocity depicted through its claws and teeth as well as the rhythm in its roar, that the onlooker gets intimidated more than anything else. Blake pitches the tiger's case when he speaks of the tiger's aspirations in attaining the strength and beauty as far as covering certain goals and going a certain distance in its lifetime are concerned. If we are to concentrate on the analysis of the language used by Blake, otherwise known as stylistics, we will find a striking use of poetic iconicity that highlights the effect of the tiger on an unassuming onlooker, in its natural habitat. When speaking of burning eyes, Blake not only depicts the fire that rages within this animal, but also shows the ionic significance its eyes bear to the blacksmith's fire - the Creator's fire in which the anvil that created the tiger was seasoned. Also, Blake follows a safe pattern throughout his work - one that comes across through the rhyming words in every sentence and every alternate sentence as the poem progresses. Also, considering the fact that poetry is meant to be crisp in its presentation, Blake has managed to keep alive this trait by employing short and snappy sentences to direct an underscore of energy into the jungle that envelopes this being. In this regard, the lyrics of the song we are comparing with the Tyger, are of a more modern and bold nature. Mary J Blige with her unconventional ways and meaningful videos, is similar to Blake in her style of showing intensity as well as tender feeling towards fellow beings around her, simultaneously. In her song, No More Drama, Blige demonstrates the same crisp style of writing but with less use of rhyming words. The phonetic echo in her song is restricted to the message she is trying to put across through her song. While Blake's Tyger was an epitomy of a certain being, Blige's No more drama is a song about feelings and emotions. Thus, Blake's work is a self contained piece of art that signifies the essence of the fire in the tiger's eyes while Blige's song is one that places more emphasis on the drama portrayed in one's everyday life - a drama supposedly lost to the exit of that special someone. In sound and context, both pieces of work bear similarity in intensity but again, the nuances of the lives obviously led by the two artists are poles apart. Blige, in her ultra modern world, does not see any need for medieval poetic influence in her lyrics, while Blake's agenda seems to one that revolves around making each word meaningful. In short, every stanza of the poem is a theme in itself while the words in Blige's song contribute to a wholesome theme. In this context, it may be seen, that taken separately, the words in Bliges song would mean nothing to the listener in terms of rhythm or focus on language. To divert our attention wholly to Blige's song, we will find that this is one of personal pain, unlike Blake's poem which celebrates the beauty of the tiger and the fear evoked by this being simultaneously. Blige, in her song is more into mundane things and makes

Discuss what skills might be required from managers to cultivate and Essay

Discuss what skills might be required from managers to cultivate and foster creativity and innovation in workforce - Essay Example The objective of this paper is to determine the skills that leaders and managers should possess in order to foster creativity and innovation in their teams so that organizational success is achieved. With the age of globalization upon us, change and development have been launched on a faster pace. This resulted in the need for creativity in innovation, especially in the business world, if one wants to jump ahead of the competition. Companies seek the best candidates who possess dynamism and fresh ideas to contribute to their businesses. Employers prefer people who are creative, open to learning and can think ‘out of the box’ so their imaginative ideas can inject new blood into their products and services. Nicola Bell, CEO of Saatchi & Saatchi, New Zealand heralded creativity as the new lever of change necessary to â€Å"re-imagine different futures for businesses†. She claims that â€Å"creative leadership† is essential to successful businesses, acknowledging the fact that an IBM study recognized creativity as the â€Å"single most important leadership quality†. (Shipley, 2011, p. 6). A perfect example of a creative leader who was able to save his company from ruin during the global economic crisis is Richard Branson of the Virgin group of companies. Faced with a dire economic low in 2009 with the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA) collapsing 55% from 2007 to 2009 and the banking system on the verge of a breakdown, Branson’s company was down 40%. How he successfully navigated the company and steered it back to the top was the greatest challenge he had in his decades of creative leadership. He used his innovative ideas to take advantage of the opportunities he found during this low time and determined the strategies with his team to grow from the chaos their company was in (Finkle, 2011). The concepts of creativity and innovation, often intertwined, should be differentiated. Creativity is mostly

War of Talent in Globalization Essay Example for Free

War of Talent in Globalization Essay Today, with a number of changes taking place in the world, one thing has become a clear reality that countries have changed their policies and criterion because of increasing waves of international competition. Talent hunt on the international scale is something almost every single nation, especially the developed world, is conscious of. The competition to hunt talent for the local economy is so remarkable that countries like Germany, famous for its tradition phobia for immigration, have shown inclination to attract foreign people to their country. Moreover, countries like China and Korea have started working in the same direction. Australia and Canada can be placed in the first row of the race, though. This hunt for talent has become very swift in the present times though it is not something new. According to David (2006) around 70% professionals working in science and engineering department of U. S. are natives of non-OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries. Additionally, a great portion of expatriate professionals that come to the OECD are from developing countries. About half of the total students in OECD countries are from the developing world. It is estimated that almost in every 10 tertiary educated grown-ups, who was born in the developing world, was living in U. S. Australia, Canada, or Western Europe in the year 2001. As shown by studies of World Bank and IMF, there is high correlation between talented people with sound education and legal migration. The rate of legal educated migrants is 4% higher now than it was ten years ago (37% and 33% respectively). Moreover, highly-skilled workers’ migration is another portion of the pie that is picked by the developed world. For examples, around 600,000 highly-skilled professionals work outside their native country, at any given moment, on temporary visas. The number of students (both men and women) studying at graduate and under-graduate level abroad has also almost doubled now (1. 6 million) as compared to 20 years ago. This is all because global climate for economic warfare has changed. For example, according to World Bank’s development research group’s director L. Alan Winters, worldwide migration of people to the OECD countries is to life up overall welfare of the world. If these countries increase migration by 3%, the world welfare would grow by 150 billion dollars which would be a much better gain than removing all kinds of restrictions on trade activities; and highly skilled workers come in the most affective category of this increase in migration . According to the author such terms as brain drain, war for talent should be discarded by the entire world because there is a more positive approach that the entire world can take of such programs as high-skilled migration (HSM), because by such programs all the countries can mutually benefit from exchange of knowledge. Although it is right that less developed countries are more at stake of loss by programs like HSM, the world should create an environment where positive-sum can benefit all. What is a point of regression here to the present writer is that either is it the label of HSM or war for talent, one thing is quite clear that developed countries are attracting professionals to their lands for their own good. Then, I must ask, how is it possible to abandon such terms as represent the situation clearly? One more disagreement that I would raise here is that David (2006) has provided the current picture of what is happening in the world regarding talent, how, then, can it be rational to be only imagine that the more powerful countries would initiate efforts by which developing world can benefit? Although this is right to bring ideas about how the world should be but staying away from reality is more dangerous. For example, the writer himself presents the case of Africa and Caribbean where educational system and health care have been hollowed out. Therefore, to me war of talent hold absolutely good in today’s context of globalization and should be referred to wherever necessary.

The dangers of Scams and corruption in Sports

The dangers of Scams and corruption in Sports Cricket a gentlemans game a very famous statement adored by most of the people who played cricket or enjoyed watching it around the 70s and 80s. But does this statement still hold true? Well from the commentators or cricketing experts perspective it does. But from the viewers perspective, there is a doubt over the statement, more so on the gentlemen playing the game. The year 2010 provided these viewers with more such incidents that could raise further doubts including those on the integrities of the players. The first notable incident was when Sri Lankan cricketer Suraj Randiv bowled a no-ball to deny Indian batsmen Virender Sehwag from scoring a century. Sehwag was on 99, with India needing just one-run to win the match. Randiv deliberately bowled a no-ball. Sehwag was thus stranded on 99 even though he hit that ball for a six. After much criticism, the Lankan bowler accepted the wrong-doing, but by then; the spirit of the game was already being questioned. As if this incident was not enough to dent the spirit of the game, and as if the no-ball had not got its due recognition, three Pakistani players were alleged in the spot-fixing controversy. The no-balls were now going to get a fair deal of recognition. The three Pakistani players, Salman Butt, Mohammad Asif and Mohammad Amir had allegedly accepted bribes from bookie Mazhar Majeed. The deal was to bowl deliberate no-balls and under-perform at specific points of time or in specific overs in the 4th test match with England at Lords. The information was used by Majeed to make wagers. When the news was first reported by the News of the World, the trio denied the charges and pleaded innocence. However, with their background of having being involved in prior such controversies related to match-fixing, doping, controversies related to the death of their former coach, this incident was not something that could have been shut without any investigation. The three players were temporarily suspended by the International Cricket Council (ICC). Notices were sent to Pakistan board and these three players, seeking information into allegations of spot and match fixing. The Scotland Yard arrested Majeed for investigating the charges of suspicion of conspiracy. Later a few more arrests were made in the case, these being related to money laundering in connection with the fixing allegations. They submitted their reports to the Crown Prosecution Service (CPS). The CPS was to decide whether to hold the players guilty or not. Finally, the ICC concluded on its investigation that the t hree players were indeed guilty of accepting bribes for spot-fixing. They were subsequently banned for a period of 10 years for Salman Butt, 7 for Asif and 5 years for Mohammad Amir. 5 years for Butt and 2 for Asif were suspended on the condition that both of them commit no further breach of the code. All of them were allowed to appeal against their sentences with the Court of Arbitration for Sport. The sentences were aimed to thwart other such incidences from occurring. But as they say an image once tarnished is difficult to rebuild. Here the image in question is not only of Pakistan cricket but of cricket as a game. Will such sentences prevent the future occurrence of such or probably new methods of match-fixing, is something that only the time will tell. Story 2: Lost in the Woods Tiger Woods is a professional American golfer one of the most successful golfers of all time. His achievements to date by winning the most career PGA tours major golf championships make him the youngest fastest golfer to earn him such accolades. But, there is always an upside of being a sports celebrity. Your personal professional lives are followed continuously by the media public who idolise you. Woods paid the price of being a celebrity when he got involved in one of the famous infidelity stories of modern times. On November 25, 2009, there was a story published in the tabloid The National Enquirer, which claimed that Woods was having an extramarital affair with one of the nightclub manager in New York, Rachel Uchitel. The media started garnering attention to the story about Woodss infidelity after Woods suffered a car accident a day later. The accident occurred near his home when he left around 2:30 a.m. in his car. Woods had hit a hedge, a fire hydrant, and a tree which was near his house. Woods was cited for careless driving paid a $164 traffic fine. He initially refused to speak to either the media or the police. This led to a lot of speculation among his fans media persons. Finally, after 2 days, he released his clarification statement on his personal website, which mentioned that he undertook blame for the car crash and said that he didnt want any more speculation as it was his personal matter. Reports soon surfaced in the media circles saying that Woods wife, Elin, had attacked his c ar with a golf club following an argument about Woods alleged affair with Uchitel. Further interest in the story grew when a San Diego based cocktail waitress, Jaimee Grubbs claimed in one of the magazines that she had a two-and-a-half-year affair with Woods. She also had various texts voice messages as a proof to support her claims. Soon, over a dozen women claimed through various mediums that they also had alleged affairs with Woods. This increased a lot of pressure on Woods from all sections of media, fans his sponsors. On Dec 11, 2009 he made a public statement on his website in which he admitted to infidelity and apologized for his behaviour. He also announced that he has decided to take a temporary break from playing professional golf till he settles down with his personal life. Shortly after this statement, several companies who were Woods sponsors started to reconsider the endorsement deals signed with him. On 8th December, 2009, Nielsen carried out a survey found that the advertisers had temporarily suspended television other media advertisements featuring Woods post the extramarital affairs scandals emerged. Some of the major sponsors of Woods showed him support initially and decided to retain him. But he was suspended by Gillette on Dec 11, and also by Accenture on Dec 13, stating that the golfer was no longer the right representative. The shareholders had undergone an estimated loss which was as high as $5  to $12  billion due to the Woods extramarital affairs scandal. The entire Tiger Woods infidelities controversy proved one thing that no individual can take anything for granted, even if he is the worlds highest earning professional sports athlete. Woods had admitted that he was unfaithful to his wife had extramarital affairs with a number of women. Infidelity is not acceptable by any court of law. It is the most unethical thing to happen in a marriage cannot be tolerated or forgiven by any partner (irrespective of their gender) in the world. He was caught by the charisma power that comes by being a famous sports celebrity. He had the wrong belief that he had the power to perform any actions, and his brand image his fan following would not cause any harm to him. He was under the impression that normal rules/laws followed in society did not apply to a big sports celebrity like him. This brought to his downfall his multiple infidelities tarnished his on-field brand image built by him from over a decade. His acts had disappointed his fans, fami ly, friends business partners all over the world. Woods officially divorced his wife on Aug 23, 2010. Currently, Woods has made a comeback to professional golf but he is neither in the best of his form on-field nor does he have the support that he used to have before the controversy. Story 3: Olympics take a Dope Olympics, the greatest sporting event in the world, is not free from issues and one of the issue which is bothering the organizer for a long time is usage of performance enhancing drugs. The genesis of using the similar things can be found in Ancient Olympics in form of specially cooked lizard meat which would improve athletes performance. In modern Olympics, there have been many cases where players have been banned for using drugs starting with alcohol usage in 1968 till 30 athletes were banned in Vancouver in 2010. IOC (International Olympic Committee) along with WADA (World Anti-Doping Agency) has taken a strong stand against use of such elements. In fact, Zero Tolerance for Doping was adopted as an official slogan for the Beijing Olympic Games (2008). The case which we are going to see how Bahrain Athlete Rashid Ramzi was stripped of his gold medal for doping in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. Rashid Ramzi climbed to the top of the Asian scene, after transferring to Bahrain, winning gold medals at the Asian Athletics Championships and the Asian Games 2002. He set an Asian indoor record over 800 metres to take the silver at the 2004 IAAF World Indoor Championships-his first global medal-and took part in the 2004 Athens Olympics. He reached the peak of his discipline the following year by becoming both the 800  m and 1500  m champion at the 2005 World Championships in Athletics the first man to ever do such a double at the competition. He failed to retain his titles at the 2007 World Championships, but still took the silver medal over 1500  m. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, he was the recipient of the first ever medal for Bahrain at the Olympics winning the 1500  m gold medal. However, he failed to maintain his integrity before performing at 2008 Olympics Games. His result (of winning gold medal in 2008) did not stand and he was excluded from the sport for two years after his test came back positive for the banned blood-boosting substance CERA (Continuous erythropoietin receptor activator), a newer version of a endurance-enhancing hormone that was cutting edge stuff. In April 2009, the Bahrain Olympic Committee reported Ramzi tested positive for doping at the Beijing Games. Ramzi tested positive for CERA, an advanced version of the blood-boosting drug EPO. Ramzis backup B sample was tested on June 18, 2009 and in July 2009 it was announced Ramzis B sample has tested positive as well. In November 2009, Ramzi was stripped of his gold medal. An important thing to note, here, is the players (many others including Ramzi were suspended or stripped of their medal) were knowing about illegal use of drug CERA but test to check CERA were not available before. So, players took advantage of it. But, as soon as test came into existence, it was applied on players and were given appropriate punishment. This incident tells us how hard IOC and WADA tries to eliminate drug issue from Olympics, usage of such drugs will become integral part of Olympics unless Players take a moral responsibility of eradicating drug demon. Story 4: Corruption in Commonwealth Games 2010 They killed animals, cut trees, displaced people, snatched livelihoods, destroyed river, looted the taxpayers, violated all possible labor laws, increased cost of living to unimaginable heights, asked students to vacate hostels, destroyed heritage of this age old city and all this in the name of Green Games. Yes, as a matter of fact the only thing green about October 2010 held Commonwealth Games in the capital city was the money involved in it. The mission of this game included creating sustainable environment and leave behind a lasting legacy and values include transparency. Delhi had won the bid in November 2003, in last six years whatever happened in the name of Games completely defied above mentioned vision, mission and values. On the contrary, the opacity in the conducting of the games deeply scarred the sentiments of the people and the civil society in India. The destructive development that had happened over the years in the name of a game has tarnished the image of India to a great extent. Initially the estimated cost of the games was around Rs. 150 crores which rose to Rs. 70,000 crores. Common mans hard earned money was used in an extravagant and reckless manner. There was corruption ranging from procurement of small items like towels, soaps etc. to construction of bridges and stadiums. Before the start of the games, corruption was suspected but the magnitude was not known. The cost of renovation of a stadium proved to be more than building a new stadium. There were reports of child labour in the construction of venues. Death of 48 labourers did not make much news and was mentioned in passing. For some of the mess in Delhi, Congress blames MCD controlled by BJP while BJP and other opposition political parties directed their fingers to the ruling party at Delhi. Allegations of corruption spanned a broad spectrum including issuing of  contracts and purchase of equipment from treadmills to toilet rolls. Indias anti-corruption watchdog identified more than 16 projects with possible irregularities. Allegations of corruption over the Commonwealth games 2010 event that took place   in Delhi in October 2010 are being investigated by several bodies including the  anti-corruption watchdog, the state auditor, the CBI and a special committee set  up by Prime Minister Singh. The Congress-party led coalition government came under fierce criticism for  mismanagement and ineptitude over the sporting extravaganza which cost up to Rs. 70,000 crore (USD  6 billion). It is obvious that a complete lack of governance and accountability has led to all kinds of politicians and officials diving in to make a quick buck out of the governments magnanimity. The Congress party, as a desperate measure to save its face, eventually sacked Suresh Kalmadi, chairman of the organising  committee, as secretary of the partys parliamentary wing. Recently, Kalmadi and his Aides have been arrested and questioned by the CBI regarding the irregularities in the run-up to hosting the just-concluded Commonw ealth Games. What was supposed to be Indias moment of glory was turned into the countrys hour of shame. *.*.*.

Genetic Engineering: Gender Determination: A New Evil Essay -- Argumen

Gender Determination: A New Evil      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout history, there have always been those who advocate the rapid proliferation of new technology. Today, many propose that we fully exploit the potential power of genetic engineering, before its capabilities are fully researched. With the potential risks involved and the great controversy surrounding this new innovation, one would expect that its applications, at least for the near future, would be limited to situations of grave importance. Ends such as finding a cure for terminal illnesses, reversing the ageing process, are fundamental, and hold the promise of great rewards for mankind; thus, it is not inconceivable that genetic engineering, altering the genetic material that has been given to man by God to distinguish him from His other creations, might be a legitimate tool of science in these situations.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   However, one clearly must try to prevent genetic engineering from being used in a frivolous or carefree manner. Some propose using this new advance for such mundane tasks as allowing parents to determine ...

The Role and Involvement of Senior Management

This essay will analyse the roles and involvement of senior management in determining and executing strategic information system in a global organisation. This will explain how organisation can beat the threat when competing in a global market and what strategy they needs to follow that will enable their business to stand out among other competitive market. Also this topic will states the paramount of information system in helping organisation in making strategic decision in all area of their business and what they need to put in place for them to be successful in their global business such as: like Geographical, their local business partners, the structure of the business, the business legislation in their desired area of location how all this is paramount will be discuss in the essay. I will argue about the assumption of universality of economic entrance and development which is incompatible the reality and development ways in the developing and developed countries. Role and involvement of senior management in global organisation The use and insight of Strategic Information System (SIS) was linked with IT and IS and is purpose is to assist the senior manager to control more effectively in order to improve the areas of communication and to progress in decision making. As the improvement in technology developed the focal point was motivated in the running performance of an organisation processes to a long term strategic view they desired. This was done by using an adopting technologies and systems which helps the management to redesign their existing ways of running and ensuring there is stability in their path. After seeing that there is a superior understanding of the organisation the management were able to be familiar with new ways of utilizing the technology which subsequently make it possible for them to be more effective of the use of information. In all organisations information system plays a vital role in the operation of the business which allows the organisation to process information using database, communication, system and many other applications. In the recent year Information system has become well-known as a means of absorption and the enabler of new competitiveness for today’s scheme in the global organisation. It is very important for senior managers to have a good understanding of the effective and responsible use of information system which will enable them to be successful in their area of businesses when operating in a global environment. When it comes to the aspect of processing decision senior management rely on information systems in making strategic outcome. As a senior management when introducing a strategic information system in Global organisation they must ensure that the importance of user must be involve when making the process and the mangers must provide a guide line which will allow them to maximize user or customer involvement in the design and implementation of a strategic information. Also when the management are making a determination and executing a strategic in a global organisation there are ways in which they can liked their business strategy to define the business needs and structure which will help them in driven into information system and one of the way they can use to do this is by looking into the competitive advantage. There are different types of strategies which the management can put into consideration in order for them to differentiate their product in a competitive market and they can use generic strategies which will help them in reducing their cost, differentiate their product in which they provide on market niche (porter, 1980). In addition, evidence shows that companies that globalize achieve better competitive and financial performance. But globalizing, in the sense of spreading activities around the world, is not enough. Companies also need to be globally integrated. They need globally coherent strategies, global networks, and the ability to maximize profits on a global basis. When considering the geographic and time that might stands like a barrier to promote the organisation in the global world information system can assist the senior management in this particular aspect and the way they can promotes the business is to provides an online electronic market place where customers can purchase any of their product at any particular hours of time. Also they need to understand the business language whenever the location of the business is situated. In looking for a way to develop an appropriate Information system strategies it is very usual to put some form of hole analysis which will help the management in identifying the hole of where the organisation are and where they want to progress to. Conclusion This essay are critically analyse the roles of management in executing strategic information system and has analyse the important of information system which will help them to make a development in their business and to be successful in the globalisation market or organisation environment. An important key factor of this essay is that the commitment of senior management in a global organisation is so essential which lead them to think of the effectiveness of technology and the way they can transform the business that will be different from other competitive market. The choices to be made in order to beat organisational boundaries such as : marketing, operations, finance, legal, business partners, location and other strategic decision can only be made by senior management.