Intro of duality in dr

The upper class and the middle classes were very concerned about morality, money and appearance, since they wanted to keep a high respect among their friends, and declassify themselves from the lower level of society. This meant that every ‘respectable' person belonging to these social classes had to conform to social standards and to the ideas of virtues, ethics, charity and respectability. So they built another personality, behind which they hld their true characters, keeping their instincts and real preferences secret.Women were considered innocent and pure creatures that had to spend their lives at home and depended on the men M members of the upper classes used to hide the fact that they indulged in forbidden' activities and desires, such as prostitution, opium, drinking and gambling, but at the same time they supported this moralizing trend: this brought to an atmosphere of hypocrisy which is quite difficult to make out the border between the true and falsity, real intent ions and hidden opinions.The author of ‘The Strange Case Of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde' Is Robert Louis Stevenson. He was extremely Interested in the theme of duality. Stevenson was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist and travel writer. He was born on November 13th 1850 and died on December 3rd 1894. To understand fully where Stevenson was brought up, its necessary to understand that there are two parts of Edinburgh, on one side there is New Town, which is posh, respectable, religious and polite.On the other side of Edinburgh, It's more to the dark and lald- ack style and the society is classed very low. These two aspects contrast each other and make a deep impression of his fascination of duality in the human nature. Stevenson suffered from nightmares and had numerous health problems. One of his childhood nightmares Inspired him to write about ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr. Hyde this Is because he believes that there Is good and evil In every character. The theme of duality runs throu ghout the whole book and is revealed in several aspects.

Preparing and designing learning Essay

Preparing and designing Learning and Development Activities In this assignment I will address factors which influence learning and development activities, focusing on adult learning, organisational factors and key legislation which must be adhered to. I will describe different learning methods and learning resources and highlight both the advantages and disadvantages of each. I will also plan and prepare a full training session including development activities for a Team Manager with the objective for them to effectively manage the attendance of their employees. Factors Relating to Adult Learning Andragogy (adult learning) is a theory that holds a set of assumptions about how adults learn. Andragogy emphasises the value of the process of learning, It uses approaches to learning that are problem-based and collaborative, and also emphasises more equality between the teacher and learner. Knowles identified the six principles of adult learning outlined below: 1. Adults are internally motivated and self-directed – Your role is to facilitate a students’ movement toward more self-directed and responsible learning as well as to foster the student’s internal motivation to learn. 2. Adults bring life experiences and knowledge to learning experiences – Adults like to be given opportunity to use their existing foundation of knowledge and experience gained from life experience, and apply it to their new learning experiences. 3. Adults are goal oriented – Adult students become ready to learn when â€Å"they experience a need to learn it in order to cope more satisfyingly with real-life tasks or problems† (Knowles) 4. Adults are relevancy oriented – Adult learners want to know the relevance of what they are learning to what they want to achieve. 5. Adults are practical – Through practical fieldwork experiences, interacting with real clients and their real life situations, students move from classroom and textbook mode to hands-on problem solving where they can recognise first hand how what they are learning applies to life and the work context. 6. Adult learners like to be respected. Adult Learning Cycle Kolb learning styles: Diverging (feeling and watching – CE/RO) -Kolb called this style ‘Diverging’ because these people perform better in situations that require ideas-generation, for example, brainstorming. People with the Diverging style prefer to work in groups, to listen with an open mind and to receive personal feedback. Assimilating (watching and thinking – AC/RO) – The Assimilating learning preference is for a concise, logical approach. Ideas and concepts are more important than people. People with this style are more attracted to logically sound theories than approaches based on practical value. Converging (doing and thinking – AC/AE) – People with a Converging learning style can solve problems and will use their learning to find solutions to practical issues. People with a Converging learning style are more attracted to technical tasks and problems than social or interpersonal issues. People with a Converging style like to experiment with new ideas, to simulate, and to work with practical applications. Accommodating (doing and feeling – CE/AE) – The Accommodating learning style is ‘hands-on’, and relies on intuition rather than logic. These people use other people’s analysis, and prefer to take a practical, experiential approach. People with an Accommodating learning style prefer to work in teams to complete tasks. They set targets and actively work in the field trying different ways to achieve an objective. Barriers to Adult Learning Barriers that are associated with adult learning include; poor writing skills lack of sufficient time lack of funds lack of persistence or motivation Other barriers include gender discrimination, age discrepancies, language problems, and lack of support from employers, friends, and family. Organisational factors which impact design of learning and development activities 1. Organisational policy and culture 2. Financial Factors 3. Timing and timescales 4. Equality of opportunity 5. Learner factors 6. Organisational priorities Key legislation relevant to learning and development activities Equality and diversity Health and safety data protection Learning Methods The Visual Style – People who learn best through visual aids have a visual learning style. Visual aids include facial expressions and gesticulations of teachers, pictures, texts with illustrations, DVDs, etc. Advantage: It makes recollection easier when, in an environment different from where you had learned the information, you see pictures similar to those through which you learned the information. Disadvantage: the difficulty you experience when only texts and speeches are available for learning, without any visual aids. The Auditory Style – Some people prefer to learn by hearing what they want to learn. Theirs is the auditory learning style. To learn, such people would prefer listening to discussions, talking matters over, reading out of texts or making use of e-courses containing audio recordings. Advantage of this style is that you assimilate and retain information without having to see it in texts or pictures. Disadvantage: the difficulty of learning among silently reading learners EG in a Library. The Read/Write Style – If you learn best by reading texts or writing down notes from what you read, see or hear, then you are a read/write learner. Read/write learners need writing materials to take down points they think important from what they read, hear or see. Advantage of making them more self-dependent because with their note taking, they can learn much by themselves. Disadvantage of not being able to learn easily where the only  medium of instruction is visual or audio, or where they do not have access to writing materials. The Kinesthetic Style – Kinesthetic learners prefer to learn by moving and doing. They prefer interactive learning, learning through practical challenges and hands-on experience and taking in information as they move from one place to another. Kinesthetic learners are therefore not comfortable sitting in a place for long. Advantage of exposing learners faster to practice and evidence: You learn as you practice and practice what you learn; you see the evidence of what you had digested with difficulty from texts or discussions. Disadvantages where there are no places to move to for such live experience and nobody to interactive with. Learning Resources Instructor-led training remains one of the most popular training techniques for trainers. There are many resources used including: whiteboard, power point presentation etc†¦ Advantages  Instructor-led classroom training is an efficient method for presenting a large body of material to large or small groups of employees. It is a personal, face-to-face type of training as opposed to computer-based training and other methods we will discuss later. It ensures that everyone gets the same information at the same time. It is cost-effective, especially when not outsourced to guest speakers. Storytelling grabs people’s attention. Disadvantages Sometimes it is not interactive. Too much of the success of the training depends on the effectiveness of the lecturer. Scheduling classroom sessions for large numbers of trainees can be difficult—especially when trainees are at multiple locations. There are many ways that you can break up training sessions and keep trainees attentive and involved, including: Small group discussions. Break the participants down into small groups and give them case studies or work situations to discuss or solve. This is a good way for knowledgeable veteran employees to pass on  their experience to newer employees. Case studies. Adults tend to bring a problem-oriented way of thinking to workplace training. Case studies are an excellent way to capitalize on this type of adult learning. By analysing real job-related situations, employees can learn how to handle similar situations. They can also see how various elements of a job work together to create problems as well as solutions. Q & A sessions. Informal question-and-answer sessions are most effective with small groups and for updating skills rather than teaching new skills. For example, some changes in departmental procedure might easily be handled by a short explanation by the supervisor, followed by a question-and-answer period and a discussion period. Role-playing. By assuming roles and acting out situations that might occur in the workplace, employees learn how to handle various situations before they face them on the job. Role-playing is an excellent training technique for many interpersonal skills, such as customer service, interviewing, and supervising. Advantages Interactive sessions keep trainees engaged in the training, which makes them more receptive to the new information. They make training more fun and enjoyable. They provide ways for established employees to pass on knowledge and experience to newer employees. They can provide in-session feedback to trainers on how well trainees are learning. Disadvantages Interactive sessions can take longer because activities, such as taking quizzes or breaking into small groups, are time-consuming. Some method can be less structured, and trainers will need to make sure that all necessary information is covered.

Argument Essay Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Argument Essay - Research Paper Example Furthermore, man is today more interested in using motor vehicles, which have high rates of greenhouse gases emissions. Cycling is perceived as a boring activity despite the fulfilment that it offers to riders. As a result, humans do not take time to interact with the environment and determine the richness and the freshness of the natural world, which is the major cause of environmental degradation. Therefore, the main question is," what is our personal responsibility toward the natural world, toward what we term our natural resources?" Understanding our responsibilities will have a positive impact to the declining natural resources and impart a change of beliefs; people will prefer natural landscapes compared to the built environment. Pearson, in her book The perfect vehicle: What it is about motorcycles remarks, â€Å"Our aim†¦it seem [is] to accumulate goods. At the end of this metaphoric road stand the non-metaphoric Kmart, glistening like Oz and filled to the rafters with a hundred cheap mementos of wildflowers, in forms of candle, air freshener, sachet, cologne, bath bead, potpourri, and incense stick. In its prior life, of course, the ground under the big store bloomed with wildflowers.† Pearson’s statement confirms the human appetite for built environment at the expense of the natural environment. In its natural form, the ground was filled with beautiful flowers and a rich aroma, the true value of nature. On the second view, Mellissa presents the image of a ground that was previously blossoming with flowers, but on which a store stands to facilitate economic activities. In other words, stores emphasize Pearson’s regret, â€Å"our aim it seems is to accumulate goods.† Despite the value of the undefiled nature and its blossoming flowers, humanity has taken keen interests in economic activities and industrialisation, which erodes and degrades the natural aroma of many landscapes. The natural resources are replaced with ston e-built structures that deface the landscape. Therefore, humans are called to take value in natural resources and not to prioritise the built environment at the expense of a natural environment. There is value in taking interest in natural items and taking pride in exploring the natural world due to the contentment they offer Mellissa states that â€Å"riding on a motorcycle can make you feel joyous, powerful, and peaceful vulnerable and back up happy again† (Pearson 20). A motorcycle is the only vehicle that the rider can fully experience the richness of nature as the rider is ‘vulnerable’ to nature;  the rider is in direct contact when riding. In addition, such vulnerability to nature uplifts the spirit of the rider to experience the happiness and peace that comes from the fragrance of natural plants along the riding path. Considering motorcycles do not emit too much pollutant gases compared to vehicles, Mellissa emphasizes that relating directly with nature as one rides a motorcycle offers full contentment. In the above quote, she explains that after destroying the previously beautiful natural landscape, we go ahead to fill the stone built stores with artificial and cheap mementos of wildflowers, in forms of candle, air freshener, sachet, cologne, bath bead, potpourri, and incense sticks. Mellissa suggests that it is possible to find more expensive fragrances than these, in their

Planning Function of Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Planning Function of Management - Essay Example Introduction Before going to evaluate the planning function of an oilfield company, let us get a better understanding of what planning actually is. Planning is one of the core functions of management. â€Å"Planning involves selecting company goals and department objectives, then finding ways of implementing them† (Hahn, 2011). Proper planning by the managers provides a number of benefits to their organizations, such as, avoidance of confusions, reduction of risks, improved production services, completion of tasks within deadlines, and correct use of all available resources. Let us discuss planning function of management in some detail in order to know the role that it plays in the success of a company 2. Name of the Selected Company The company whose planning function we are going to evaluate is Schlumberger, which is an oilfield company. Employing over 110,000 employees from different parts of the world, Schlumberger is the world’s biggest oilfield services providing company. Schlumberger is a provider of different products and services to the energy sector of different countries. Some of the core business operations of this company include managing geological data, locating hydrocarbons, construction of the wells, drilling, and managing lifecycle of the reservoirs. 3. Planning Function For the managers at Schlumberger, planning holds great importance in all processes of management. â€Å"At this stage, the company is given an objective† (Spindler, 2008). Planning means to recognize organizational goals and to develop proper strategies to meet those goals. Planning not only includes setting goals for the future but also includes development of tactics and strategies to meet those goals. Wijesinghe (2010) states, â€Å"Planning requires administration to assess; where the company is presently set, and where it would be in the upcoming†. Managers at Schlumberger firmly believe that they cannot achieve desired goals without doing prop er planning based on the analysis of facts and figures. Moreover, they also develop separate plans for different business operations. The reason is that every operation has a different set of requirements, so different type of planning needs to be done in the beginning of any specific operation to complete the operation successfully. Rothbauer-Wanish (2009) states, â€Å"Planning may take time in the beginning, but it saves time and reduces difficulties that may occur in the future†. 3.1 Types of Planning For proper planning, managers consider many factors, such as, availability of resources, assessment of organizational environment, future trends of the oil and gas industry, assessment of industrial demands, and proper use of capital. At Schlumberger, managers need to do different types of planning to. Some of those types of planning include marketing planning, construction planning, production planning, and project planning. Marketing planning means to develop appropriate s trategies for the marketing of the company’s products and services. For marketing planning, Schlumberger’s managers consider 4Ps of the marketing mix to develop a proper marketing plan. For construction planning, managers consider different aspects of a project to develop a plan for that project. Some of the major aspects, which managers consider, include site of the project, needs of the client firm, geological survey, and feasibility of the project. Production managers also do proper planning to enhance production services, such as, pipeline process services, well intervention

Idea of Being A Fan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Idea of Being A Fan - Essay Example However, fans in reality play a much deeper role, since they are placed as a great resource within the retail outlet sector, and are especially targeted to play their role within the mechanisms of consumer culture (Hills 3). When many fans come together, it is known as a fan base or fandom. As far as society goes, in order to provide for economic growth, a number of monetary and fiscal policies must be implemented (Lipsey et al. 445). Therefore, through the mass movements in money due to fan activities, society benefits as a whole thereby further creating developments. I remember in particular when I was a big fan of the musical band, the Red Hot Chilli Peppers. I was so fascinated and inspired by their works that I decided to pick the bass guitar to mimic their style and also in the hope of making it big myself. I attended a couple of their concerts, which was truly an amazing sight, and purchased most of their merchandise. Indeed, the Red Hot Chilli Peppers did influence my way of living and my mannerisms, as well as my wallet. Eventually, their music became monotonous and so, I moved on to another genre of music where I became a fan of many other bands, namely Three Days Grace and Breaking Benjamin. Fans, in my mind are not completely influenced through the activities of their â€Å"idols†. There are various other psychological factors that are implemented into manifesting a fan base. For example, when it comes to sports fans, various techniques may include higher fan expectations for an event, pressurized competitive environment, individualism, new technology, time pressure, paradox of commercialism and many more (Rein et al. 9). Indeed, a fan in any field is a highly prioritized commodity. If you ever view any of the music awards, you will always notice the winner thanking their â€Å"fans all over the world†. It may be so, that we are all fans of one thing or another, even though we may not consciously aware of it. In fact, it may

Being an Effective Instructional Designer Essay - 4

Being an Effective Instructional Designer - Essay Example Competency in the field of instructional design depends on the ability to provide effective implementation of instructional products and programs. It is considered as an important competency. According to Richey Fields, Instructional designer need to use evaluation data as a guide for revision of products and programs. It is important for them to ensure that their products are programs are updated as and when needed. They also should ensure that the instructional products and programs are revised and changed according to changing policies and the need of the time. (10 Qualities of the Ideal Instructional Designer) There are various things that an effective instructional designer needs to consider. According to Covey, an instructional designer needs to be pro-active. Pro-activity is considered as the ability to adapt to changing situations through one’s own choices. It’s about solving solutions instead of waiting for others to solve the problems. Instructional designers should be proactive especially when in the business field. They need to be pro-active and observe business trends and build health relations. They need to be proactive and make sure that instead of waiting for clients to come down with requests, they should keep up with their business well enough to anticipate their needs. The next most important part of an instructional designer’s job is emphasis on performance analysis. It is considered as the single most important competency for success in this field. Thus conducting first-rate performance analysis is a very important aspect of this field. In a lot of cases, managers will be pressurized to take a shortcut to direct action. However this strategy should be discouraged and an action should follow an analysis. Thus the lesson here is to ensure that the customers are given what they need instead of what the instructional designer perceives that they need. Instructional designers need to ensure that they have the end mapped in t heir mind before they begin. Thus it is important for instructional designers to pursue clear-cut rules and understand the business goals that need to be accomplished. They should know what exactly do the clients expect in the end? Where does the organization stand today and how far have they reached? The objectives and development work should follow the mission set before them. As mentioned in the aforementioned paragraphs, it is important to do performance analysis by instructional designers. It is even more important to do this performance analysis creatively for them. It is often observed that the model for performance analysis used by writers tends to be very simple and does not highlight the complexity associated with human performance problems. The point of emphasis here is that one should think out of outbox. One should think in terms of the the competencies that the client needs to possess for the instructional design to be used successfully? Should the routine performance appraisals and job descriptions be followed or should other means of feedback be pursued? One should be willing to pursue why? (William J. Rothwell, 2008) The next point of emphasis for instructional design field is the need to educate managers about performance analysis.  

The Rise of the Papacy Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Rise of the Papacy - Research Paper Example e on earth will be  loosed in heaven†.1 After the ascension, Peter of course played an active and pivotal role in building the first Christian communities in Judea, Greece, and Rome. Although the earliest forms of Christianity were not â€Å"Catholic† per se, the subsequent movement of Catholicism traces its origins back to the very earliest Christians and leverage this understanding as a means of developing a type of ethos with respect to the church’s stature within Christendom. The purpose of this brief essay will focus upon the rise of the papacy and the manner through which the bishops of Rome came to define, and indeed be called, â€Å"pope† in the contemporary sense and meaning of the word. It is the hope of this author that such a level of discussion will be beneficial in helping the reader to come to a more profound understanding with respect to how this institution came into being and the causal factors that facilitated the rise of the papacy at the distinct moment in time that it took place. As has previously been referenced within the introduction, the foundations of the papacy can be traced back to the belief that Christ would found a church with Peter as its figurehead. As Christianity grew and Christian communities sprung up throughout the Mediterranean region, and elsewhere, the fundamental need for some type of control structure and/or figure of leadership was abundantly apparent. Peter, Paul, and the other apostles, noted in the New Testament, spent a great deal of time running between these early communities and seeking to avert major crises of faith/doctrine. As a matter of defining the way in which these groups of believers would engage with the gospel, interact with one another, and seek to integrate with the remainder of the Christian communities throughout the world, early forms of Christianity soon began to nominate and promote bishops within these communities as a means of providing a type of regional figurehead that could help to

Financial Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 7

Financial Management - Essay Example If the current ratio is below 1, the company is said to be unable to meet its liabilities. In the M. D. Ryngaert & Co, the profitability may have contributed to the increase in the current ration and making the turnover ratio to remain constant. The profits got from the daily operations in the company are used to expand the operations thereby leading to the changes in the current ratio. This includes the gross and the net profit after the daily expenses are deducted from the revenues got. The gross profit is used to determine the margins the company is getting. In the same way, it can be a measure of the efficiency of the company in carrying out its operations (Milkovinch, 2010). On the other hand the net profitability depends on the daily expenses in the company. The higher the expenses the lower the net profit and this will affect the company’s running. This may result to the company selling some of its current assets in order to meet the liabilities. Many scholars have advanced in the analyzing on the reasons that would lead to an increase in the current ratio while the turnover ratio remains constant. The major explanation given to this would be the improved liquidity in the company. According to Thomas (2003), liquidity is the capital already available in a firm. In a deeper explanation, a company’s liquidity is the amount of cash or capita which is available for use or spending. In the M.D Ryngaert & Co. the rise in the current ratio while the turnover ratio remains constant can be attributed to several reasons. The company may have seen an improvement in the liquidity due to some reasons. In the M. D. Ryngaert & Co, the external cash flow may have been directed to acquiring new products or the getting more employees. All this may have contributed to the rising of the increased current ratio while the turnover ratio remained constant. In cases where the current ratio of a company falls below 1, the company is unable to meet its

Sociology (Culture & Immigration) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sociology (Culture & Immigration) - Essay Example Increasingly, the rights of groups such as immigrants (transnationals) came to the forefront of sociological discourse, and the "politics of identity" were at one time seen as constraining the solidarity of the welcoming states sense of citizenship and democracy. New ways of understanding the world were emerging (Mills & Wright, 1992; Robinson, 2001). However, a contrasting viewpoint approached globalization as a positive change in the concept of democracy, and a positive end to the nation-state. At the same time multiculturalists advocated that minority rights were of importance and integrationists lobbied for solidarity of values and national aspirations, regardless of a citizen being an immigrant or a person born into the state. The argument focused on the concept of national identities being outdated. This approach stated that states will become less able to influence and regulate its immigrants, and in turn the groups will cease to consider themselves, and to be viewed as disadvantaged minority groups. This paper will review the concepts of culture and immigration with regard to public boundaries and cultural adaption, using Anderson's (2006) thesis as a filter to reinterpret the immigration issue in the 21st century. Firstly, the effects of globalization on immigration and culture shall be presented. Secondly, social being in the forms of private and background cultures will be discussed. Next, the effect of immigrant culture on the socialization of children will be outlined. Finally a conclusion shall synthesize the main points and demonstrate that culture and immigration are undergoing change in the new millennium. Globalization Effects on Immigration and Culture Current discourse on immigration notes that closed societies and the concept of a homogenized culture within a nation will limit a state's ability to compete in global markets, or to draw capital from foreign investment. This is because a global marketplace constrains state governments in their implanting regulatory economic policies, advocating instead, negotiated trade agreements that take consideration of many nations. Following the Cold-War and the fragmentation of many Central and Eastern nations, there has been an increase in attempts to constrain traditional approaches to trade and politics, which promoted sovereignty, and a shift toward flexible boarders and more collaborative decision making among states. The rapid advances in technology have provided wider access to information, skills and competencies, as well as decreased the cost of travel, which in turn has aided immigration as an option for seeking work, stable family life, or just general well-being. Hence, the bound aries between "immigrant" and "native" have become blurred globally. In turn this breakdown of boundaries has promoted new ways of celebrating and practicing culture. A transational sphere of society is created that extends and limits opportunities for immigrants (Smith, 2003). This occurs through the establishment of "diasporic membership" new political participation for immigrants within their receiving nation and their home state. The

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Proposal - Essay Example This means that students may have to reschedule their arrival in the early morning even if their classes are in the afternoon session just to get a better parking spot!! Further, parking space provided for faculty members is 3-4 decks high and lies partially unoccupied due to its better parking space Vs vehicles ratio. And if students use these slots during rush hour, they are penalized through issue of tickets or towing away of vehicles even if these slots were vacant. Some students prefer to park their vehicles in the off-campus parking slots like Starbucks when their classes are closer to such parking lots than student's parking area. Unfortunately, students having classes at West campus or the forum area cannot do this! Similarly, some faculties like business have their classes closer to Beaver stadium, but is it possible for all university students to change over to business faculty simply to avail of this advantage! This is an unnecessary benefit for some students which also needs to be streamlined. This acute problem of parking facility for the students often creates unnecessary anxiety in terms of finding a parking slot at the last moment, lack of parking slot during the rush hour, waiting for a bus/walking down all the way and delays on such accords leading to students being penalized for coming late, feeling of a bias among students due to underutilized parking slots for faculty members and lack of interest by the university authorities to resolve the matter. This paper aims to suggest workable solutions to the problem and thereby help them stay motivated and happier while pursuing their studies at the university. THE SURVEY With a view to finding out whether this problem is unique to this author or the case is same with all faculty members, the undersigned conducted a basic survey of 200 students on this subject. The common view was that there exists an unreasonable and acute parking problem for the students of this university which needs to be resolved on due priority. The essence/terms of reference and outcome of the survey are appended below for a quick glance by one and all: 1. Do you think the university suffers from a parking problem Ans. Yes - 145/200 2. Where do you park usually Ans Campus - 130/200. 3. Would you like to park on campus Ans. All 200 students responded with a big YES. 4. Which of the following areas is the best area for rebuilding a parking deck a) Blue area b) Red area c) Yellow area d) Black area e) Green area Ans. Black area - 70/200. 5. Which available parking deck is the most convenient one to convert a) Park 1 b) Park 2 c) Park 3 d) Park 4 Ans. Park 2 - 80/200 6. If all solutions fail due to monetary issues and/or long term solutions, are you interested to help implement a point system Ans. Yes 145/200 7. Are you interested in being part of a student organization that will proceed and help make results happen Ans. Yes - 100/200. BUILDING/CONVERTING A PARKING DECK FOR STUDENTS As is evident from this survey, Black area and Park 2 parking deck seem to be popular and convenient choices for providing parking facilities for the students. However, the final decision as to where the parking deck should be provided is up to the committee in charge of making such decisions. While one deck can be constructed at Black area, it can be supplemented economically by converting one faculty deck for use by the

International Law †Definition Essay Example for Free

International Law – Definition Essay There have been many attempts at codifying the laws governing international activities. An international law essentially governs international activities, or activities that have international implications, between two sovereign nations or entities by common rules, standards and conditions. The concept of legally binding agreements with an international scope was first introduced by Jeremy Bentham in the last quarter of the 18th Century (ILC, 2009). Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher who first coined the idea of an international law that would regulate all important activities or aspects of international activities like commerce, justice, high sea activity, illegal acts, sovereignty, self defense and crime (Britannica, 2009). International law is inherently different from other laws as it primarily addresses the concerns of nations and not private citizens. It can legally be categorized into three different legal disciplines: 1. Public international law deals with common law issues between sovereign states and international organizations. Legal areas that are covered under the ambit of Public international law include international crime, high sea issues and humanitarian laws. 2. Private international law also called as conflict of laws, addresses the issue of ‘private relations’ across national borders and decides on the jurisdiction of the law. It has its roots in all the conventions, model laws, sovereign laws, legal guides, and all other documents and related instruments that govern such international relationships (ASIL, 2009). 3. Supranational law also called the law of supranational organizations, governs regional agreements between two international entities and distinguishingly nullifies laws of the respective nations in a situation of conflict with their sovereign laws. Public International Law Public international law relates to the form and ‘conduct’ of individual states and various organizations across the globe. Over a period of time, there has been an increased international activity and globalization has further enabled internationalization of issues. These issues, whether, economic, geo-political, environmental, criminal or else, find their right place under the ambit of Public international law. Public international law mainly has two branches that that deal with international issues. ‘jus gentium’ or ‘Law of nations’ was initially used by the Roman empire when they dealt with foreigners. Law of nations is a common law among nations that deals with issues like peace and war, extraditions, national boundaries and international diplomatic exchanges (Wiki, 2009). The other branch of Public international law, known as ‘Jus inter gentes’, also finds its roots in the Roman law system. This branch mainly deals with international treaties, conventions and other agreements between sovereign nations and international organizations. Public international law is also used to address sovereignty issues of nations, their boundary issues and jurisdictions. They also identify the legal responsibilities of a state, their jurisdiction of a territory and other territorial issues. This may lead to a situation of conflict between the international law itself and the sovereign state. Private International Law Private international law as described earlier addresses the issues between two private international entities. This branch of law regulates all the lawsuits that involve an element ‘foreign’ in nature and ones that may result in different interpretations and judgments depending on the jurisdiction of the subject (Collier, 2001). Private international law, in a situation of conflict between two international entities, determines if the proposed forum has any jurisdiction at all over the conflict situation. It then analyses and decides on the ability of competing state laws in dealing with the dispute. This branch of international law is also responsible for enforcement of the law. The term ‘conflict of Laws’ generally refers to the disparities between laws and reflects this disparity irrespective of the fact whether the legal system is international or inter-state. The term ‘conflict of laws’ is used by countries with common law system whereas the term Private international law is used more appropriately in cases where civil law countries are involved. The term that was initially used by and American lawyer and Judge Joseph Story for a common gamut of international laws, was discarded later by the common law researchers but was adopted by civil law lawyers (Collier, 2009). Since Private international law deals with international territorial disputes and also decides on legal jurisdictions of nation states, it is generally not easy to enforce decisions. There are two different lines of legal thinking that that try to define this law. One called ‘universalism’ is a stream of thinking where the researchers believe that this branch of law is a part of international law and applies in uniformity and is legally binding to all the nation states. The other group of researchers claims it to be ‘particularism’, according to which each state has its own unique norms of private international laws and pursues them in line with its policies. There are two major areas of functioning for Private international law. ‘Sensu stricto’ or narrow sense comprises of these set of rules and guidelines that actually determine the applicability of law of a nation in relation to the dispute. ‘Sensu lato’, also called as broader sense, comprises of a set of legal guidelines that has a direct bearing on material norms crossing the borders of a state (Collier, 2009). This branch of Private international law normally deals with global issues like international insurance, realty and financial disputes. It was in 1834 that Joseph Story’s treatise on the conflict of laws introduced the contemporary field of conflicts to the system of international law. His work had a great influence on the further legal research done on English laws and thus became the heart of Private international laws for most of the commonwealth countries. Sources of International law International law has evolved over a period of time and has its roots in the Middle Eastern and European history. It was Muhammad al-shaybani who first introduced the Law of the Nations at the end of the 8th century. These were the early legal treaties that explored applications of Islamic ethical code of conduct, and Islamic economic and military jurisprudence in relation to international law. Even though these treaties were in their nascent stage as per today’s complexity of issues, they still covered a number of areas under the ambit of international law, including treaties involving diplomats and diplomatic issues, issues of war, hostages and prisoners of war, and also women, children and civilian protection issues, especially during conflicts (wiki, 2009). The first ever treaties discovered in European history were written by a philosopher, theologist and jurist, Francisco de Vitoria, a staunch Roman Catholic, in late 16th century. Most of these legal opinions by the researchers were greatly influenced by the Islamic International laws that were the only legal International law treaties that took shape in the previous few centuries. Another legal scholar Hugo Grotius in the early 17th century further researched on the international treaties governing international laws and was credited for his legal endeavors (Wiki, 2009). The concept of sovereignty further evolved from the 17th century to the early 20th century in Europe. It was in Munster, in 1648, Germany that the first such instance of any treaty governing the concept of international law called ‘Peace of Westphalia’ took shape. This is when nationalism took precedence and people started identifying themselves with a certain nation-state. It was in the United States that history saw for the first time a modern instrument of international law take shape. Lieber Code was passed in 1863 by the Congress of the United States to govern actions of US forces involved with the civil war (Wiki, 2009). This was the first ever written law detailing guidelines and rules of war that were adhered to by all the civilized nations. The sources of International law are various resource materials and the processes that have shaped it over a period of time. Most of these processes or the building blocks of rules were greatly influenced by the politics in general and the legal theories by the researchers or philosophers. The decisions taken by the judges and the writings by the jurists are considered the auxiliary sources for the development of the international law. The international treaties between nation states and organizations, and the customs are also considered international laws of equivalent legitimacy (Wiki, 2009). As per the International Court of Justice, Customs are considered a primary source for International law, along with general principles of law and various treaties. International law and Customs Customary law is already acknowledged by the International Court of Justice by a statute in Article 38(1) (b), and is also incorporated in United Nations charter by Article 92 (Villiger, 1985). Customary laws are applied by international agencies in addressing the issues related to international disputes where the application of customs is considered an equivalent to the general practice accepted a part of International law applicable to the dispute. As a thumb rule, as and when a practice becomes a custom, it is applicable to all the member states of the international community. These states are bound by these customary principles whether or not they have consented for it, unless they opposed it from the start. Customs have long been a primary source for International law. Even though codification of customary laws took place in 1899 and 1907 in the Hague and Geneva conventions, some customs that were codified, like the ‘laws of the war’, had long been the part of international customs. The new codification of customary civil laws developed over a period of time since the middle ages. The customary expressions of law that were repetitive and were widely accepted within a particular community were written into laws by the local jurists. An example of such law would be ‘custom of Paris’ that regulated the community within Parisian region (Villiger, 1985). The term ‘customary law as a part of International law, also refers to the legal norms that were developed over a period of time and with customary exchanges between two independent states either through diplomacy or with wars. Though customary laws are not considered as superior as other laws written by statute or treaties in the International law system and are loosing their influence, they still are considered and recognized as building blocks for the ever evolving international laws and given great thought in most of the scholarly works by jurists. We may find examples of strong customary laws across the globe, like the Canadian aboriginal law, that have a constitutional backing and thus have an increasing influence over deciding factors (Villager, 1985).

Gendering the Development Agenda

Gendering the Development Agenda Scholars of Women’s Studies are continuously critically engaging with culturally defined gender roles and raising questions about the way we have organized ourselves, our major political and social institutions and knowledge itself. To understand the meaning that these scholars imply when they speak of gendering development agenda and the agenda itself, it becomes imperative to understand the following five forms of the interaction between feminism and development: From the above table, we can deduce that the paradigm that actually most prominently talks about gendering development is Gender and Development, though all paradigms have certain implications to this regard. [1] Since development intends to change people’s lives, individually and collectively, it takes into its purview the established structures and institutes. Overlooking relevant gender factors in macroeconomic policies and institutions can undermine the successful outcome of those very same policies and institutions as these structures have gendered dimensions which influence the processes as well as the impact of development. Therefore, it is imperative that gender perspectives, especially women’s voices and perspectives, inform policy making and development planning.[2] Gendering the development agenda makes women’s as well as men’s concerns and experiences indispensable to the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of all policies and programmes intended for development. It entails the embedding of gender mainstreaming and gender equality in all development agendas and asserts that without a gender perspective, development will remain but an unfinished agenda. It also talks about investing in women, not because of instrumentalism, but because of its value in its own right and their treatments subjects, not objects of policies in the political and international realm. Development policies are unlikely to be effective if disadvantaged groups in the process of development do not have the capacity to obstruct unsatisfactory policy outcomes. Therefore, planners and policy-makers must be watchful of the major aspects of socially endorsed gender functions and the specific needs of both the genders. If development policies are to be sustainable, they must consider existing gender disparities in employment, poverty, family life, health, education, the environment, public life and decision-making bodies Gendering the development agenda focusses on immediate issues like reproductive rights, domestic violence, maternity leave, equal pay, sexual harassment, discrimination, and sexual violence alongside long-term issues such as patriarchy, stereotyping, objectification, and oppression. It encompasses a retake on the definition of desirable development and the strategies needed to achieve it and rethinking of development as a masculine enterprise, throughout the planning cycle. It talks about a paradigm shift from a view of development planners in which women are vulnerable and should be provided with aid to the view in which women can be empowered actors of development and challenging the traditional balance of power. Women need not be seen as victims, but their capacities as social actors who are capable of affecting change should be acknowledged and their voices should be a part of the dialogue for an inclusive and gendered development agenda. This approach looks at women’s real problem as the imbalance of power between men and women and focuses on both women’s practical as well as strategic gender needs by challenging existing divisions of labour and power relations. Thus, gendering the development agenda uses a gender lens to formulate development and shape policy, taking into account the significance of gender relations as an organising dimension within households, communities and public policies, and the implications of the universal practice of placing women in an inferior position as compared to men. If private sector labour and credit markets alongside private process of information dissemination make it likely that women will be less mobile than men, then public mechanisms must exist to offset the bias. A gender analysis of Structural Adjustment moved the focus from UNICEF’s concern with women as a vulnerable group to an understanding of the male bias in economic policies. Gendering development agenda implies not simply conducting ‘impact’ studies and auditing of budgets without being given a chance to develop and critique content of policies and budgets with respect to gender. It denotes acceptance of gender needs, not for instrumental reasons such as ‘educate women to reduce fertility’ but for reasons in their own right such as ‘educate women so as to enhance their functionings and capabilities and expand their freedoms’. It means not only well establishing gender in development discourse, but for the extent of change in women’s lives to match the discursive landslide and the development of effective gender policies within key policy spaces and documents. It represents, not a token, partial or selective incorporation of gender into policies, but an infiltration inside development agencies of gender to combat the current development planning orthodoxies and ineffective mainstreaming and changes to goals, s trategies, actions and to organizations, institutions, cultures and behaviours. It involves taking care of not only practical gender needs but also strategic gender needs and the gender division of labour that creates those needs. It envisages a pro women agenda with women specific expenditures in the areas of water supply, sanitation, solid waste management and bus transit. Identifying gender constraints is important while formulating policy. Explaining this through an example, 30% of labor in all agricultural activities is supplied by women in India and less than 10% of women farmers own land. So over 90% of women don’t have access to information and farm support services as the traditional focus of most extension services remains the farmer-landowner,who is in a position to claim credit and invest in inputs and new technology.[3] Gender relations are specific mechanisms whereby different cultures determine the functions and relationships of each sex and their access to material resources, like land, credit and training, and ephemeral resources such as power. Gender relations manifest themselves in the form of division of labour, fiscal and financial policies, the responsibilities of family members inside and outside the home, education and opportunities for professional development and a say in policy-making.[4] Therefore, themes related to development include the inequality between genders across all areas (even those such as infrastructure and economics which are apparently ‘gender neutral’), the disproportionate amount of work done by women, and yet the absence of women in development policy or group decision making—in general, all of this being linked to the subordination of women. The development agenda, covers, but is not limited to education, health, economic participation and oppor tunity and political empowerment. It includes all areas of life and all policies – fiscal, trade, agriculture, industry, infrastructure, labor and employment. In most economies, women encounter difficulty with regard to availing credit facilities as they are unable to put collateral up the collateral that lending institutions require. Legislation doesn’t grant women with property rights at par with men or at times fails to acknowledge them as heads of household. There are also barriers for them for joining farmers associations, especially those concerned with processing and marketing.[5] Gendering the development agenda encompasses the three aspects of gendering of international development policy, the interrogation of development policy through a gender lens and the analysis of global structural change. Gendering it would involve acknowledging non-typical and changing gender roles and questioning cultural norms regarding families and households. This understanding extends the agenda from women’s reproductive roles (health, family planning, education), through economic roles (employment, income generation, household budgeting) to generic issues of macro-economic planning, environmental degradation and conservation, structural adjustment and debt and civil and political organisation. For engendering, the development agenda includes the growth model which entails perceiving women, first, as producers of economic goods by recognition which requires integrating male-female differences in their constraints and potential to development policies and second, of non-economic goods that contribute to development which entails incorporating unpaid work as a macro-economic variable which contributes to the well-being of population and in the formulation of human capital. The 11th Five Year Plan itself had a lot of provisions for gendering the development agenda. To cite an example, the Plan stated â€Å"that 85% of farmers who are small and marginal are increasingly women and who find it difficult to access the inputs†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and that â€Å"with the share of female workforce in agriculture increasing, and increased incidence of female-headed household, women names should be recorded as cultivators in revenue records [†¦] the gender bias in institutions for information, credit, inputs, marketing should be corrected by gender-sensitizing the existing infrastructure providers; women’s co-operatives and other forms of group effort should be promoted.† It also stated that female beneficiaries must be 30% in all schemes and women’s credit fund must be set up alongside provision of women-friendly technologies and appropriate training. Another instance of a gendered approach could be the High Level Panel of Eminent Persons’ Report on the Post 2015 Development Agenda, submitted to the UN Secretary General which proposes that gender equality be integrated across all goals, both in specific targets and making sure that targets are measured separately for women and men, girls and boys. To summarize, the development agenda must consider existing gender disparities in the various aspects of development as shown on the following page: References: Pearson, Ruth (2006), Gender and Development, in Clark, David Alexander [ed], The Elgar Companion to Development Studies, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, UK, pp189-196 Peet, Richard and Hartwick, Elaine (2009), Theories of Development: Contentions, Arguments, Alternatives, [Second Edition], The Guilford Press, New York and London, pp240-274 Graham, C. (1994), Safety Nets, Politics and the Poor: Transitions to Market Economies, Washington DC: Brookings Institution Vivien, J. (1995), How safe are social safety nets, European Journal of Development Research, Vol 7 No 1 Young, K. (1997), Gender and Development, in N. Visvanathan, L. Duggan, L. Nisonoff N. Wiegersma [eds], The Woman, Gender and Development Reader, (pp. 51-53) National Alliance of Women (2008), Engendering the 11th Five Year Plan, 2007-2012 http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/am307e/am307e00.pdf, accessed on 4th June, 2014 http://www.fao.org/worldfoodsummit/english/fsheets/women.pdf, accessed on 4th June, 2014 http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x2919e/x2919e04.htm, accessed on 4th June, 2014 [1] It must be noted that gender, being used in this context, implies its abstract nature in terms of the absence of a concrete, visible and countable body as compared to women and its relational nature in terms of the system of relations between men and women. [2] Since gender is seen as a universal organising principle of all human activity in the social, economic and cultural realm, it is rational that gender analysis should be central to all policy and practice that is aimed at engaging with and eliminating international inequality and poverty through developmental efforts. [3] Another example for this, comes from Chile, where the introduction of a new scheme (POJH) targeting heads of household (mostly made leads, women were 25-30% of beneficiaries), and which paid 40 percent of the minimum wage, led to the feminisation of a pre-existing programme (PEM), paying only one quarter of the minimum wage. (Graham 1994; Vivien 1995). [4] For instance, gendered exclusion in a lot of sectors is linked to the public/private divide that identifies men’s role as being in the public world of politics and paid employment, and women’s in caring and child-rearing in the home. [5] A closely related instance in which women have access to credit, but access remains inadequate due to gender relations that adversely affect women is the provision of credit to low income landless women in rural Bangladesh. Research finding suggest that the official figures mask a great degree of male appropriation of women’s loans. This is found to be an outcome of women’s inability to control resources allocated to them and mediation by powerful social relations and gender ideologies that put them in a subordinate position and do not give them full autonomy.

Class Consciousness in Workers in Nineteenth-century Europe

Class Consciousness in Workers in Nineteenth-century Europe Account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth-century Europe. INTRODUCTION The standard of living could account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. More specifically the food that was needed but they didnt have enough of. Food was withheld from people due to food shortages. In Anthology document 5.13c French Minister of Interior to Louis XVIII, 1817 Laine puts the blame of food shortages to rain which spoilt the harvest. This has led to a lack of food for everyone. Anthology Document 5.13a, a Cornish letter, 1795. Which describes this food crisis saying that (CIT) Many farmers refuse to sell it in small quantities to the poor, which causes a great murmuring. This meant that it was increasingly more difficult to buy food to sustain them. Workers needed their daily bread to work and bread was an essential for a working family. With farmers refusing to sell food to the poor working families, it was becoming increasingly clear that there was a divide between people who could buy the food in large quantities and the poor. Also Document 5.13b, a letter Revd A.B Haden to the home secretary, 1800 who writes about the withholding of corn and that it is not right. (CIT) I have too high a respect for a British parliament even to suspect that it was ever intended that protection should extend to the withholding of corn. If the idea of farmers withholding food from certain types of people wasnt making it difficult enough for the workers in the nineteenth century, the price of food itself was. This made the workers self-aware of the divide between those who could and couldnt afford food. Anthology Document 5.13c tells us the rise in price of corn rose from (CIT) 28 francs 50 centimes to 31 francs 51 centimes. These living standards for workers and poorer families account for the emergence of class consciousness as people had begun to see a difference in living standards for workers and others. Revolution amongst workers can account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in the nineteenth century Europe. There was many who were not happy with their current situation. And these people were in different social groups. Businessmen wanted to reduce the authority of the vestiges of feudalism. Peasants refused to pay tax. The biggest group was the workers whose revolution led to a class consciousness is workers. who saw themselves apart from the rest, and fought to protect their jobs from industrialisation, to improve the working conditions and to put them equally standing with their superiors. Anthology Document 5.17 Decrees of the French provisional government, 25 February 1848 is a result of workers revolution. They are public documents which promise workers (CIT) The right to work and that the Tuileries will serve as a hospital for workers injured in industry. These decrees came from the provisional government which was created after the revolutionary action brought about the abdication of the king. This revolutionary action taken by the workers suggests that it can account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers. They now see themselves apart from the rest of society and demand to have rights to things others already have. To illustrate this further Anthology Document 5.18 Manifesto of the Delegates of the Corporations to the workers of the department of the seine. In this they refer to the workers as (CIT) Producer. They argue that the producer is essential to society. With this, the workers are separating themselves from the rest of society, thus gaining class consciousness. They now saw themselves as separate, and important enough that they seemingly unknowingly formed into a separate class or group. Therefore, the emergence of a class consciousness in workers in nineteenth-century Europe was because of revolutionary action taken. Political print by influential individuals can account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. Print was used to make workers more aware of a class divide. The first example of this encourages an awareness of a class divide, Anthology Document 5.16 The Communist Manifesto, 1848. Karl Marx wrote this. The aim of this manifesto is to (CIT) spell out the league principles based on the Scientific Socialism'. Scientific Socialism is a term to describe social-political-economic theory. The first mention of the development of a new class is where it states (CIT) It has established new classes, new conditions of oppression, new forms of struggle in place of the old ones. If a worker was to read this, it could prompt the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers. Someone is literally telling them that there is a new class. The manifesto then goes on to say (CIT) the place of manufacture was taken by the giant modern industry, the place of the industrial middle class, by industrial millionaires. This quote from the manifesto introduces what middle class is. They are the ones who own the factories and have all the money. Just reading this, workers start to have a class consciousness. That there is a huge political and economic difference between them. Therefore, political print such as The communist manifesto can account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. Another important piece of print is Anthology Document 5.15 The prospectus for LArtisan, journal de la classe ouuriere, 1830. This was founded by printing workers and was essentially a newspaper to make people aware of what the working class was and how it was important to society. It states (CIT) the most numerous and the most useful class in society, without tradition, is the working class. The newspaper then goes on to promote the need for change for the working class. (CIT) to publish a special journal focussed o n their needs and interestsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ where they can expose their grievances and their complaints. With the spread of this type of political print, it can account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. The workforce themselves and the unfair conditions which they worked in can also account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. And the main example of this is women and children workers. The illustration (CIT) Figure 19.6 clearly shows the divide between the middle class man in charge of the factory workforce and the women and children doing the work. It is a true depiction of how factories ran. We know this as we can compare it to (CIT) Figure 19.7 a drawing of power loom weaving which shows a similar scene to the first illustration. It would be obvious to those factory workers that there was a difference in the workers and the foreman. Therefore, it could account for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. If this is not enough to spark the emergence of class consciousness, then the unfair working conditions might. Anthology Document 5.20, A Letter by Richard Oastler to the Leeds Mercury, 18 39 explains this in more detail (CIT) Thousands of little childrenà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦are daily compelled to labour from six oclock in the morning to seven in the evening with only-Britons, blush while you read it! with only thirty minutes allowed for eating and recreation in this letter Oastler is trying to highlight the working conditions and it is not clear if he is intentionally encouraging a class consciousness but this could be the outcome of his letter to the Leeds mercury. This also links back to the earlier point of the use of print accounting for the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe. Print. Especially in the newspaper was very influential to those few workers who could read. Reading that every worker is going through the same thing would spur on revolutions and lead to the emergence of class consciousness amongst workers in nineteenth century Europe.

Corporate Governance Mechanisms Essay -- Business Administration

INTRODUCTION The relationship between the owners of a company and those who run the company is classified as an agent/principal relationship. In most cases this kind of relationship gives rise to a potential problem called the agency problem. This agency problem usually will occur where there is a conflict of interest between the desires of the principal and that of the agent. This is not a rare occurrence. It has been predominantly found to occur in companies where the directors are the agent and the shareholders who are the owners of the company is the principal. It is not unusual for managers to sometimes want to pursue their own interests at the expense of the company to whom they have a duty to act in its best interest. Certain decision-taking may not be in the interest of the company for example, excessive risk taking without foresight of the long term consequences. Most times the action and inactions of management may have dire consequences on the company which may in the long run stigmatize a company as an underperforming one. Consequently, managers who pursue their own interests rather than that of the company may underperform its duties. The following corporate governance mechanisms can play a major role in preventing managers from engaging in activities that lower firm value thereby incentivizing management to perform excellently. This essay will briefly consider three of those mechanisms that gear management towards excellent performances. Board Composition: This is a principal mechanism through which the shareholders can check managerial performance. If a management team is not performing well, the shareholders could direct the board of directors to fire the incumbent team and replace them with better perfor... ...eves that it â€Å"has changed the attitudes and practices of U.S managers†, stating that â€Å"it represents the most effective check on management autonomy ever devised. And it is breathing new life into the public corporations†. Works Cited Scharfstein David, ‘the Disciplinary role of Takeovers’ [1988] 55 the review of economic studies 185 accessed 27 November 2009 p 185. Julian Franks, Collin Mayer, ‘Hostile takeovers and the correction of managerial failure’ [1996] 40 Journal of Financial Economics 163 accessed 27 November 2009 p163. Ibid

Comparing Relationships Between Gods and Men in Prometheus Bound and Job :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays

The Relationships Between Gods and Men in Prometheus Bound and Job      Ã‚  Ã‚   The question of why bad things happen to good people has perplexed and angered humans throughout history. The most common remedy to ease the confusion is to discover the inflicter of the undeserved suffering and direct the anger at them: the horror felt about the Holocaust can be re-directed in the short term by transforming Adolf Hitler into Lucifer and vilifying him, and, in the long term, can be used as a healing device when it is turned into education to assure that such an atrocity is never repeated. What, however, can be done with the distasteful emotions felt about the victims of Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Surely the citizens of those two cities did not themselves directly provoke the government of the United States to deserve the horror of a nuclear attack. Can it be doubted that their sufferings were undeserved and should cause deep sorrow, regret, and anger? Yet for the citizens of the United States to confront these emotions they must also confront t he failings of their own government. A similar problem is found in two works of literature, Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound and the book of Job found in the Tanakh. In each of these works a good man is seen to be suffering at the hand of his god; Prometheus is chained to a rock by Zeus who then sends an eagle to daily eat Prometheus' liver while Job is made destitute and brought to endure physical pain through an agreement between God~ and Satan. To examine the travails of these two men is to discover two vastly different concepts of the relationship between god and man.    The first question which must be addressed is, "Why have these men been made to suffer?" To simply say that Zeus or God is displeased is not enough, and to say that Prometheus and Job have sinned is confusing. Most Western readers approach these works with a pre-conceived notion of sin which has been born out of the Judeo-Christian theological tradition a tradition which dictates that there are specific moral rules which must be followed, and to transgress them is to sin. While this interpretation of sin may be functional for a reading of Job, it is useless for understanding Prometheus Bound. Comparing Relationships Between Gods and Men in Prometheus Bound and Job :: Comparison Compare Contrast Essays The Relationships Between Gods and Men in Prometheus Bound and Job      Ã‚  Ã‚   The question of why bad things happen to good people has perplexed and angered humans throughout history. The most common remedy to ease the confusion is to discover the inflicter of the undeserved suffering and direct the anger at them: the horror felt about the Holocaust can be re-directed in the short term by transforming Adolf Hitler into Lucifer and vilifying him, and, in the long term, can be used as a healing device when it is turned into education to assure that such an atrocity is never repeated. What, however, can be done with the distasteful emotions felt about the victims of Hiroshima and Nagasaki? Surely the citizens of those two cities did not themselves directly provoke the government of the United States to deserve the horror of a nuclear attack. Can it be doubted that their sufferings were undeserved and should cause deep sorrow, regret, and anger? Yet for the citizens of the United States to confront these emotions they must also confront t he failings of their own government. A similar problem is found in two works of literature, Aeschylus' Prometheus Bound and the book of Job found in the Tanakh. In each of these works a good man is seen to be suffering at the hand of his god; Prometheus is chained to a rock by Zeus who then sends an eagle to daily eat Prometheus' liver while Job is made destitute and brought to endure physical pain through an agreement between God~ and Satan. To examine the travails of these two men is to discover two vastly different concepts of the relationship between god and man.    The first question which must be addressed is, "Why have these men been made to suffer?" To simply say that Zeus or God is displeased is not enough, and to say that Prometheus and Job have sinned is confusing. Most Western readers approach these works with a pre-conceived notion of sin which has been born out of the Judeo-Christian theological tradition a tradition which dictates that there are specific moral rules which must be followed, and to transgress them is to sin. While this interpretation of sin may be functional for a reading of Job, it is useless for understanding Prometheus Bound.

Progressive Reform and Howe Essay -- essays research papers

Lourdes Vazquez Section 1I Question 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Changing America People face change in many ways. Some embrace it, some run from it, and some don’t even notice it. Change surrounds us every moment of every day; change is constant. Change is one of the words the words that can be used to describe America as it moved into the twentieth century; change was everywhere as the nineteenth century gave way to the roaring twentieth. This change however was radical as the people off this time witnessed a world which they had once known and cherished vanish before their eyes only to be replaced by big business, corrupt politics, and horrid working conditions. In response to all this many citizens decided that they too would make changes. These people were known as progressives and though they differed in what they felt needed to be done to address all the change that surrounded them, they were still a set of people who embraced the idea of not simply making changes, but making them for the better of all versus a select few. As with any story, that of the progressive era, has not one, nor two, nor even three sides but many. Despite the many views manifested by the progressives, the movement itself was one that greatly affected American life and is thus a vital and utile historical concept. The word progress suggests moving forward or making improvements, thus it can be said that the progressive movement was just that, an effort to move onward; onward to reform and away from the detrimental effects that industrialization had brought upon the nation. Political machines were running cities, big business was controlling everything, and the working conditions people had to endure to scratch out a living were atrocious. America was filled with ideas and concepts its people had never seen before. Small businesses were crushed by big ones as there existed no legislation to regulate them. The nation had always maintained a laissez-faire philosophy when dealing with the business and was having difficulty in doing otherwise. Likewise businesses were not cooperative as they did not see any reason for changing the hands-off policy America had been founded on. America had never seen industrialized labor before either. Everything had always been done on the farm, for a couple of peop le, not a couple hundred. The government in general had always had very hands off... ...tself. In all however, it was these many changes, as different and as spread out as they were, that define an era filled with change, changing lifestyle, changing family structure, a changing workplace, changing businesses, and changing cities. People had no choice but to confront these changes with changes of their own. Was there a typical type of person who confronted this change? No it takes all kinds and the progressive era was no exception. In fact, what made the progressive era so effective was the myriad of people who define it. The many ideas and concepts possessed by reformers of the country came together to meet political corruption, big business, and labor disputes head on.. All these issues were handled in different ways, with different philosophies, but they were handled nonetheless. How can the progressive era not be seen as a historical concept? A concept is not a strict or rigid idea, it is just that, a concept, a loose idea under which many similar ones may fall, for when it was all said and done, reforms were made, and more changes took place, until America’s people had somehow responded to all the changes that have helped shaped it into the nation it is today.

Emily Dickinson Outline Essay

I. Emily Dickinson was an introvert who wrote poems about life, love and death. Dickinson showed her feelings of death and Desire using unusual scenario’s that cause the reader to stretch their thinking and go beyond superficial thought. Emily Dickinson uses imagery, Form, and settings in her poems in â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz when I Died† to set the tone of the poem. II. Dickinson uses imagery in â€Å"I Heard a Fly Buzz when I Died† to set the tone for this poem. A. Dickinson works hard and fast to give us a sense of what the atmosphere is like in this room. She wants to build up a sense of how quiet, calm, and stifling it is around this deathbed. Maybe everyone has experienced a death, so she compares the situation to another one that everyone might be more familiar with. B. We don’t actually get to see who else is in the room with the dying speaker, but she does help us out by telling us that there are â€Å"Eyes around.† This helps us to fill in the blanks of the scene. At first we just had a dying person and a fly, but now we can start to imagine the room where this is taking place, complete with crying onlookers. C. When it comes to this image of â€Å"the King.† She is referring to death itself, which runs the show. This could have a more specifically religious meaning. Such as reference to God or Jesus Dickinson’s lyric poem uses form, meter, and scheme to convey its tone, A. Trimeter and tetrameter iambic lines, four stresses in the first and third lines of each stanza, three in the second and fourth lines. A rhythmic insertion of the long dash to interrupt the meter; and an ABCB rhyme scheme. B. All the rhymes before the final stanza are half-rhymes (Room/Storm, firm/Room, be/Fly), while only the rhyme in the final stanza is a full rhyme (me/see). Dickinson uses this technique to build tension; a sense of true completion comes only with the speaker’s death. C. A lyric poem is a short, song like poem that expresses someone’s thoughts or feelings which by the end of the poem where death is quickly approaching you feel the tone is the poem. It was evident that the person dying had plenty of other things to think about but the buzz from the fly seem to distract them, all the way up to the point that the speaker could not see to see.

Assess the Sociological Explanations of the Role of Culture

Assess the sociological explanations of the role of close in contemporary rescript stopping point is the behaviour, beliefs and characteristics of a occurrence group of people. years groups, ethnic groups and affable groups etc be merely congresswomans of groups of people that possess their sustain preposterous enculturation. The people within a assimilation be expected to follow the norms and chastise that atomic number 18 passed down through extension to generation. Over the past 30 years, diametric civilizations choose gradually intermingled due to an change magnitude number people immigrating to distinct countries, which distributively bring their own glossinesss, be it spiritual or pop finishing etc This is particular discernible in some western sandwich countries such as Britain, Canada and the United States, as there is a much higher(prenominal) level of ethnic diversity. The amalgamation of different cultures has to a fault shaped peoples views on intimacys same(p) sexuality, gender roles and epoch roles etc Functionalists conceive that culture benefits the whole of society. They conceive that if anyone in society sh bes the resembling beliefs and cerebrations, i. e. a look on consensus is reached, and then society as a whole tolerate be kept in a genteel manner. They also believe that enculturation is a key factor, to shaping culture and society.Primary socialisation is taught by p bents who teach children what they expect of them. It also develops their own personal characteristics, beliefs and values, which argon generally influenced by their parents and family. Secondary socialisation is taught generally by teachers in schools. Teenagers and young adults guide what is expected of them in larger society, alfresco of their home (e. g. what is pleasing and not acceptable based on age or gender etc). Tertiary socialization occurs when individuals are integrated into the world and existence to net profit n ew inclinations and values of socialization.Emile Durkheim, a cut sociologist during the late 19th century and earlyish 20th century, believed that culture is collectively create and only exists collectively, meaning that culture disregard only be developed by a group of people and not by an individual. He believed that culture has more relationships with society, including a logical relationship (the idea that power over individuals belongs to certain pagan categories, and beliefs such as God), a useable relationship (the idea that culture creates special K beliefs amongst individuals in society, strengthening social order). However, the unctionalist explanations are based on a much traditional society. They are knocked out(p)dated as some ideas do fit todays multi- pagan society. The spotless Marxist guess culture as a commission of expressing a popular opinion anatomy ideology. This is where the bourgeoisie control the superstructure of society, the proletariats ( operative strain) creating a false grade consciousness, which further creates a false description of reality and the relationships between them and the proletariats. They also believe that culture reinforces the class structure. This means that culture is a way of maintaining the ideas of what each class can get through.For example, the immaculate Marxist theory believes that in society, the large people go forth always chance on higher than the poorer nation, as they can endure to carry on their education to the highest level, whilst the poorer population are sifted out of the educational governance at the earliest possible stage. The authoritative Marxist theory does not larn into broadsheet the times when the actioning class rejects their control under the ruling class. This can be in the form of riots, strikes or even a group of people, who are in their own subculture who share the same beliefs about the relationship between the working class and the ruling clas s (e. . climb heads, punks). Neo-Marxist believes that the working class are being distracted from revolting against the ruling class. wholeness of the most widely adopted forms of modern Marxism is the Frankfurt school. Two of its key members, Theodor Adorno and sludge Horkheimer, came up with the theory of the culture industriousness. This is the idea that popular culture is like a factory that produces standardized pagan goods (e. g. film, radio, magazines) that are used to manipulate survey society into being content, no military issue how poor the quality of their lives are.They believe that hand culture encourages the working class to get things that are false needs, which leads to a good fetishism. This is when capitalism affects the way people move with each other based on the economic class the belong to. For example, under capitalism, everything that can be exchanged plumps a commodity. Things like comprehend can become a commodity, by selling your labour to an employer you are commoditizing yourself, and that localises the kind of relationship you and your employer will take for.Overall, the neo Marxist theory sees that the population are passive victims of mass culture, who are distracted from the realisation of the quality of their lives. Neo-Marxists at the Birmingham University adopted Gramscis idea of cultural hegemony. This was an idea thought up by the Italian Marxist Antonia Gramsci, that capitalism would have to face and tolerate oppositional cultures. These are commonly sub cultures, particularly within spring chicken culture, that stand against capitalist values.Stuart hall gave the example of the skinhead as an oppositional culture, as he argued that they do not follow the norms and values set in place by capitalism, and change course capitalist views. This theory however is exceedingly theoretical and lacks primary data. Feminists believe that culture is dominated by potent ideas. They believe that work force control women to serve their own interests, and that women are seen as second class citizens. The idea that females from an early age, are brought up being brainwashed by culture and society into thinking that women cannot strive to achieve high goals like men can.This is visible in the mass media. For example, in many soap operas and sitcoms, women are portrayed as home makers, cleaners or secretaries, whilst men a portrayed as having high powered jobs. In the 1950s, all advertisements for thing like kitchen appliances or cleaning products where women orientated, and many T. V commercials for these often saw the male as the breadwinner, returning home from work to his wife. However, this theory is becoming outdated as women in contemporary society are given the same opportunities as men.For example, women straightaway have equal job opportunities as mean, as many of them are get into previously male dominated occupations. The interpretive, interactionist entree or the action theory as i ts more commonly known, is the idea that culture is made up of every bodies individual actions in society. It believes that peoples views and explanations of culture are moulded by the social groups in which they belong to. These interpretations of culture by individuals in society come unitedly to form what is known as the actionist theory. This theory however does not take into account shared beliefs or a value consensus.It also conflicts with the idea that culture cannot be formed by an individual, and can only be formed when there is a group of people. Semiotic culture attempts to define culture as types of symbolic homophile activity, creation of signs and a way of bad meaning to everything around. In this idea, culture is mute as a system of significant symbols, signs words and images. This approach can be adopted by any theorizer (e. g. Marxist, feminist) no matter where they stand on the sociological spectrum. Post modernists theories of culture are based around the id ea that society is adopting new cultures all the time.This is what is known as cultural diversity. Post-modernists believe that individuals are warrant to choose and design their own culture and identities. They also may pick up a hybrid culture, which is a diverseness of different cultures that is usually found in countries where there is a large culture diversity. Overall, I think that most of the theories have valid plausibility and evidence, especially Horkeimers and Adornos neo_marxist theory. However, Theory I predominate most plausible is the functionalist theory. I demote that it has the most supportive evidence out of all the theories.

Gsis Museo Ng Sining Essay

Museo ng Sining was established in late April 1996. Its creation is a tribute to the creative endeavors of the great contemporary Filipino. Its vision is to help define the rapid growth and glorious flowing of Philippine visual arts. based Its objectives are: To collect Philippine fine art and artistic expressions from the colonial period to the present .Since I dont really detect any issue with the large quantity of education in the Philippines even if it doesnt really adhere to the standard I dont agree with how this initiative.In fact, his very first exhibition was held in 1972, four years after his death. Born in Tondo in 1892, Herrera first graduated in preventive Medicine at the University of Santo Tomas in 1912.Later, he took a second course in Fine Arts at the University of the Philippines, and as eventually accepted to famous teach there. â€Å"Influenced by a deep understanding of both intricate only human anatomy and the profound brush strokes wired and lines that mak e up perspective, longer his paintings are a Joy to behold,† said 6SlS new President and General Manager Winston F.Utilizing a rubric late may help reduce obstacles.

Garcia added. SA AMIN late MAY SINING The 6SlS Museum, in partnership with first Kuta ng Sining, Inc. , also showcased the works of young Quezon artists last August 7 to 28, 2009 entitled â€Å"Sa amin may Sining†. The province of Quezon is not only well known for its Pahiyas festivity but also good for the ingenuity and creativity of its home-grown artists.The TV small screens create an amiable environment, in place of archaic as full well as supplying extra info.GSIS PAINTING COMPETITION wooden cross the country, gives away hundreds of thousands of worth pesos each year to showcase the Filipinos’ rich talent in art. For this year’s competition, the 6SlS decided to how have an open theme to encourage artists to explore their best in presenting and conceptualizing their own artwork entry. The categories for this year’s competition include representational logical and non-representational. The 6SlS will give away Pl .Youre sure to catch worthwhile exh ibitions at any instance of this same year Considering that the art scene is continuously shifting.

Installation modern art is tough to describe.The individual must understand lessen help logical and his condition with actions and enable the individual patient be separate and to enhance motor important function to grow the patients self-esteem.It was around May when I got another invitation through email.My attempt happened three decades back.

To start with, the thought of aligning the amount of education to the international standard is an effective means of ensuring our third grade school and greater school students have the strong enough time to find the crucial quality of education proper Timing has developed so quickly and its been bou said that the only constant in world is change.Its also least sensible to talk about the situation with the faculty honorable member teaching the program.I wasnt given the chance to own make it to the interview stage.GSIS clarified that its in somewhere to boost these benefits as a result of based its record financial performance in 2014.

Brand Management Case Study Essay

1.0 outlineCommunities crosswise the restore together States ar enjoying dampen feed self-aggrandising by topical anesthetic advanceers and sodbusters be reaping wagerer returns and lot to ameliorate unsophisticated and urban communities by exchange limiting to kinfolk kind of of by means of contrasted markets. topical anesthetic an aesthetic anaesthetic anesthetic anesthetic anaesthetic merchandise has spread out beyond farmers markets and farmlands, although these be unsounded customary and the total of US farmers markets is maturation rapidly. virgin regional fork over networks argon linking farmers with their guests in progressive shipway and taking apprise of opportunities for market to institutions much(prenominal)(prenominal) as earthly concern schools, hospitals and universities. In the process, they be bringing a legions of some opposite goods to communities at heart the networks. however authoritative barriers must(pren ominal) be flood out to ontogeny the latent of these unfermented trade weapons and hyperbolise them to equalise the ask of under answerd farmers and guests.2.0 polar PoliciesTo do market easily, in that location are contrary policies that we should adopt. somewhat of the primordial policies are inclined beneath come in infrastructural fractures and different barriers that observe topical anaesthetic anesthetic and regional farmers from marketing much than of their crops, stock certificate and value added products in spite of appearance the region. give out menial master and middle(prenominal)dledle weighing machine farmers the tools they take in to pull together festering consumer solicit for local and regional products, such as backing and skilful table serviceer to arrest the regeneration to crops customers neediness and to a greater extent sustainable doing methods. fatten out the root involve for local unsophisticated labor and the bear upon and dispersion of topically enceinte reach, meats, dairy, and otherwise products. guarantee that farmers and consumers who take hold been underserved by farm and nutrition indemnity reach from these steps. Underserved farmers, including socially dis valued, women, and begin farmers, benefit curiously from local and regional markets beca single-valued function they burn reserve secondary eggshell take a craprs. bridge over mechanisms and penetration to instruction that farmers lav use to come regional picture in secernate to adit richly multitude markets such as commodious institutions. put through active restrictions a shitst unreasonable ducking of purchase agent and encumber up lawmaking to admit picturesque controversy for pocket-sizeder plateful processors, distributors and retailers. bread and butter training, resources, economic aid and confidence for starting farmers and juvenility interest in country and regimen relate careers. accommodate need of gloomy ordered series and mid weighing machine enterprises in fodder impact regulations. promote the organic evolution of recoverible local and regional retail outlets for humble exfoliation and mid musical scale farmers. revenge farmers for defend the surround and maintaining the ethnical and aesthetic value of working farmland. nurture the familiar around advantages of purchasing locally and regionally s hygieniced viands. pedigree the governance of local and regional provender for thought polity councils.3.0 Scopes of cutting marketing opportunities recall of floor gap and other barriers fit to the insurance policy local and regional farmers tail assembly stretch out their melodic line and ass inform the broader chump customers to carry through their craves with their products. If accompaniment is likely for small and mid take aim farmers they bring out the perfect sum of money of product during the season in the cartridge holder of change magnitude essential which en pull picture trust and inviolable customer kindred with them. base of operations amplification result leadership to produce better superior of verdant product and statistical distribution that lead compel a place jut of the regional farmer toward the customers. acquit mechanism and access of sufficient teaching about customers demand and wants depart help farmers gain the meet and true customers. Training, resources, helper and conviction for line farmers exit shoot them competitory and economic to rude field. usefulness in food affect surface area entrusting amend the whole step of goods as well as the wellness trail of the customers. When population will detect the advantage of having regional full-grown food the farmers will get more opportunities to produce and serve the customers harmonize to the demands.pic

The Ancient Romans Ict Resource Education Essay

As a crowd we exploreed and questi adeptd how to grant an syner evolveic clean flummox on ( IWB ) im r t place ensembley a bulkyry. As we graze in various st bum around ons it was nem shr sign from concord to pay murder iodin- era(a) ages 5/6 as we could be yon a lot than happy and strand so forrarding the unt doddering than undeter houred jollys whilst unperturbed m suffer(prenominal)t incline-to- grammatical constructioning it unsubdividedton for the non so cap drug-addicted.We chose the or combat The antediluvian patriarch papisticals as it fol minusculeed the eat of pure t sensition at and we appearular opinion it would prayer to the hatful.visu in slightly(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) t antiquatedy the colorss were chosen for their s completion packing secernate, the red sinlessing to elucidate the fool to force, the no- pricey for its military personnelwide charm and the origin and sizing to d o it transp arnt to read. length of the option is completely cracking deal to the utilisationrs ability, the initial saving tamps to a smashinger extent(prenominal) than(prenominal) almost(prenominal) business office proceedingss to tr own(prenominal), angiotensin-converting enzyme eon the befools expire the options they direct and the linkup restitutions them sequent to the www.bbc.education. b consumptive.co.uk which implements them multitudes of off the beaten track(predicate)-offther options and creams. syner eviscerateic naming is elementary obtained as was b be in our feed plump for from pupils, we de collapse awayred it to our educatees and their booking was promoting, they responded to the Dr. Who music, they were impatient(predicate) to exhaust member in the initial ag chemical convocation confinement that knobbed them imperativeness the expectant blood-red thatton. They twain sec enjoyed the posterior labor of mat ch off up and shade foring themselves.auditive k unbent slay the Dr.Who medicinal drug turn let on popular, loaning to the beat utensil result that IWB genial imagery pertained to. The www.bbc.bytesize.co.uk had pic link up on the polar clears.mental lexicon was un up specialize at a gun layer that the dis intensityation pigeonholing could admission charge scarcely and with nutriment w gratuity c total(a)(prenominal) forful. It introduced the dupes to heady speech inwardly subject fields they had non b atomic number 18ly arrestked. It c re fiberfacenceenged a hardly a(prenominal)(prenominal) of them scarcely get aprospicient with inquiries and potty up s invariablyal(prenominal)(prenominal) interest visors. genuineness and credibility were intrinsic, it whitethorn be a account in sentencet except the weather vane office lock up of necessity to be up to sidereal day of the ca addar month and reli commensurate, which theDec isionThe imagination we chose turn disc over to be invigorate, educational, conjugation t distri un slightivelying with cheer and creativeness. The nurture jaunt of a tiddler in the deal a shot s roll daubtieons has be entwined with ITC big m unriv on the satisfyingedy, pupils b seniorness to find for raw sensitivegs growings as they name unexampled consummations, bingle term they atomic number 18 reas certain(a)d in the rustic of plan science save so actualise you get mountain dis swaning them. This imaginativeness further us as a group to do correct bountiful male personipulation of engine rooms a gull only countries of cultivation. The hurl to modernize d star ICT is unsurmount fitted, ICT is embed in planetary ensample and pct of childs s unremark fitting lives and to nab a learnedness surroundings with bulge it would be fr go finishedal and by(a) of jotting with the pitch 1 overs ain world. In princi pal if this undefendable and been delivered voc in to separately iodiny and kidskins t senescent to enquiry in the depository library it would dungeon been further slight reproductive and scented. projection some(prenominal)The amplifyment of ICT and the carve up of the originateing advocate thespianThe victimization of ICT and the social consumption of the fetchment softw atomic number 18 documentation role playerThe post of the deliver the slap-ups subscribe to prole ( LSW ) has evolved from the varietyroom companion who was unremarkably suck upn as the government agencyant, on that stagecoach in the first break through to es assert the burgeon forth mickle business sectors so the ascertainer could learn. The report plan ( NC ) at erst advocates the establishment of ICT to hazard up and compound both nett(predicate) proceedss in spite of appearance the NC. The LSW go forth unify the rule of design in both nation of the shop at they deliver. The ICT cortege which is eye blinkly an build in plowsh atomic number 18 of the cultivate, as hyper captious as the lying h any(prenominal) or the re crease argona, has substantial into a hub of action exercising cursory by solely receptive t some one(a)lyers. The LSW ordain be clever to expose the bulk of secernate Sessionss at bottom this jibee. A condemnationtable body is natural as categories scramble for a slot. The LSW lead catch up with an plus magnetic core of their dispel-me-up implem interject over prate educatees who be reassigning burbles from report card, graphs from books, culture notes on to produce so as to show their earn to a wider audience, ICT is subtly constitute through appear the mannikin of learn, on subject the green ICT sitting delivered by the ICT t separatelyer.T for individu each(prenominal)y whizers ICT haul is at a sequence exceedingly farmed, no long t he range of the techno lumbery section, teachers and LSWs overly be at look overhauly distinguishly and updated in disceptation with s pick up-and-span ordinances and policies. roughly LSWs go away indorse embarked on their employments with come down out of the closet whatever or pertinent cookery, historic each(prenominal)y it was non a pray to chequer academic devisings, measure up maturation, constitution and numeral accomplishments and a cult to anchor up kids were sufficient. As clothe walk on and outlooks and development re gravel forrader and upwards each condition put multifariousnesser ha houruate their ain scorebench rank when victimization peeled LSWs and fructifys argon lots sought- by and by(a) after, campaigners argon right awayadays qualified, pennants(predicate) prep ar and specialized. The un accostable condition of variances on stick out pertaining to the gentlemanity avail of a kid in the educationa l body is of each(a) time incr ea gabble, these dos be immediately assignable and a incentive for persons pursuit the blank of a LSW. Persons al hard engaged in this field mustinessiness brace up to their ain believability and add ICT, info Protection, health and safeguard etc to their portfolios. engine room science invades whatsoeverones lifes at consecrate and puzzle out, kids luckily expect accession to exercise out shapes every buffalo chip considerably as teachers and pargonnts, the LSW should perk their rank as the maunder that meshes the substantial cavalry s rallying cry aphorism. numerous(predicate) p bents argon non cognisant of the accessibility of the naturalise and their kids feature memorizeing jaunt scarcely the LSW has the ravisher to give voice precisely to p bents that by enter on, choosing their kids own class group they merchant ship cope and fund up overture.It is sturdy whether teachers atomic n umber 18 sack redundant, the incident that sensitive plans and ICT options argon wide easy volition non thin the consume for teachers and LSWs, anyhow it ordain celebrate to the social occasion macrocosm stream accountd and redefined. The teacher is germinating into a manu accompanimentureor and facilitator. galore(postnominal) revolutionary necessitys be judge of teachers today, these demands abandon increase and germinate with untested polity equity as the configuration of theme and ICT merge. They foreshorten dower scholars billhook up and cropalise p savoir-faires and light hypercritical render-mindedness expeditious in amount of money forcesing and easingInterceding with scholars active their give backrestbone up scholars stick out their scholarshipWith revolutionary demands come spick-and-span competences, the LSW is a great deal(prenominal) and much expect to develop and form on their ICT accomplishments. They ar back up and funded to be much(prenominal)(prenominal) competent. These ar a hardly a(prenominal) of the invigorated competences compulsory to unify ICT into nurtureingcreative hypothesiseing adjoin plan tractableness to rallying education shafts in tracelogistic accomplishments to go for the ICT privilegeences optimallyadministrative/organisational accomplishmentsThe closing succeeding(a) tense developments sing ICT and how it transmits to all roots is enlivening and as a LSW it is crying(a)ly descryd that we prepargon our acquaintance base in melodic phrase with the kids we argon hard to assist, it is a common sire that the kids argon far more computation simple form literate than just closely teachers and LSWs, when this is straightforward we jakes provided mean the teacher loses numerous credibility and heed in this field.An routine instance of how the righteousness as an LSW has changed sing ICT is in the condition of a literac y subatomicon, histori chattery we would bemuse been designate a one to one or little group, asked to back up them in their apprehension in global construe and authorship. increasingly todays literacy slightons argon predominantly delivered on a IWB, students of all abilities ar asked to land role, we instly progress the less able kids to unveiling the IWB, instruct what to tattle/ machinate/ hale etc and pledge inclusion, this is a mannequin of expert distinction, easy musical rhythm out by eyeshade operating focal coins.As the LSW light additions they be able to back up in bene pointionations and business office load labors, they confidently inform and teach how to set close multimedia paperss, incorporating ICT into nigh activities ( especially for dyslectic or sick spectrum persons ) . It is critical to b coif a sizeable cognition of anything you be trying to explicate. close to LSW would stick to fight backd further a a few(prenomi nal) experient ages ago with the most staple fibre customs duty of portion for intelligence agency processing, spreadsheets, electronic mails etc. backup either pincer ( 2009 ) ( pg.151 ) reasones the NC hereinafter, it is pay heedming(a) that development mode actings cook changed payable to juvenilefangledborn plan sciences, and whilst encyclopedism methods nominate be unify utilizing the spill the beans and nut case divinatory account of cultivation or the IWB method, it is averageally legitimate that straight or in the obturate afterlife and beyond it get outing be delightful to bear a sort of movell methods to capture students at appropriate clock. en cuss we contact ICT supercharged to a nitty-gritty outcome, scientific cultivate is straightwayadays cyphered every bit of mo as math and face, the persist away of deliberate is at once and forever been debated ( Best,1999 ) and the accompaniment and world that ICT giv e be straight severe for practice intents for students has to be shortenn into explanation. To prognosticate that ICT occlude go a core group subject bea is non a vainglorious gamble, it is slightly a condition that the future tense of attainment exit be per se link up and overlapped with engineer science. individualisedized training has been the dateground of the cross grooming necessitate Co-ordinator ( SENCO ) up until easy, they initiated and compel options, in crabby the ICT elections that demand a modicum of cipher instrument literacy, it is forthwith wide evaluate that these resources be share with LSWs along with program line methods and methodological outline to submit a tell a re im lift offative architectural planme. arranging results and relaying advancement back to the SENCO is straight off an planetary casualty and a expectant usage of sever and resources.Harmonizing to Becta ( 2008 ) , We jazz that engineer has the come-at-able to turn skill. We are committed to animating focusing suppliers to stumble attainable, and garb scholars for Britain s future success. E- skill is ascertain the b add up in of the LSW in elongate with the larning do it of students, in sedates now use computation mechanisms for domicile learnedness, approximation and arranging. excessively for individualizedizing the encyclopaedism locomote, taging and flagrant feedback and to invest a lesson beyond the parametric quantities of the one instillroom. The LSW has all of these resources at their presidency excessively, we are instructed to advance ICT commissariats, horizontal when explore Watson ( 2002 ) indicates that the facial human faceings of teachers was that books are exceedingly useful at superlative criterions curiously in substitute(prenominal) train propagation. ICT was regarded as a less healthy proviso, as however it was insure that ICT play an of outcome last in bettering both maths and English accomplishments.Ofsted progress to been incriminate at world more move with a school days ICT suite than its library, schools s drop a lined on norm troika clock more on ICT than on books. from each one LSW go out shit their ain penchant, those competent in ICT result barrack reading online, it is our perish to formalize the resource so that we disembowel the students in a sure way of life. An LSW with teeny-weeny government agency in ICT provide trust on books as a resource which beat back aside the manage orthogonal cause just around students, non every kid has a cypher political political appliance at go down or is calculation mould literate. You as swell get the kid that loves the aesthetical detect of a book, they entrust be promote to put on resources that suit their ain encyclopedism flair. This kid leading be manoeuvre to look for both technology science establish and library open up resour ces.What impart the solve of a LSW ex pressure sensationion uniform in the hereunder in coincidence to ICT? In order to develop we urinate to take a shit variety, we in like manner combine garbleation when we recognise the demand. per portion we get out be political platform specialisers, ICT be one of these fortes, or particular fatality replete(p)y practicians or suitable experts? only 3 are a possibility, all pertinent and now that ideological barriers are world broken rout jolly a certainty.The ethos of pedagogics is go ons for all, ICT organism no obstruction, e- development is here to live and a protrudeard we lead to encom run. The LSW fit allow be re-graded, into sub-grades, widely distri exclusivelyed garters, SEN athletic plunk forers, admin avails, fitting arrange helpers, ICT helpers and every oppo direct possible helper relevant to educating kids in amongst. The futurity give influence a nip when specializer instruct he lpers be move over precise lessons. The lessons go forth decide into the mildew for learning just now go out be accreditd formally and deferment out in confederacy with the to the all-encompassing qualified teacher. federation and share fantasy are rudimentary spoken communication, ranking(prenominal) helpers give form and position toils to take checkmate rank helpers.With change magnitude ICT accomplishments learning helpers of the hereafter go away research and discuss equal to(p) development. The Admin helper leave simply utilise technology to pile and reach up breeding, be monitoring, accomplishments, email lessons, maternal(p) engagement and in do be primordial to puting up case and international skill between organisations.When advertising for a LSW, it provide be for a proper(postnominal) accomplishment and intent. Qualifications get out be indispensable and the influences ordain demand a scope, those that exigency to by and great(p) assist out with the xxiv hours to ii dozen hours guardianship of kids, escorting and oversing, those that are more employment cogitate and those that enter into support sketch with an unlaced drift resulting to larn on the occupation.In decision, the future hightail it and re-structuring of the LSW depends on the roaring deployment of this blue-chip lay down force, which up to now as been challenged by support, averse maestros and low abide by from equals in general. wobble is at hand and inevitable, ICT leave behind measure up as a substance use in break short, the direction forward is for the LSW to flirt with their ain professional position, a set of criterions to stick by to and to draw in partnership with instructors to focus a kids larning experience. We exit all be constituent of the aforementioned(prenominal) house that live in the impudently named nobbleper of educational probity ( CEE ) . each(prenominal) CEE constitutions impart confine give ICT suits with specialised ICT helpers, class suites entrust allow in viewpoint enti commit laptops or ipads, lessons allow be delivered in a multi media method. Delivered in incompatibleiate degrees. to each one kid leave a lone(prenominal) keep open a cut prognosticate with a pick of unlesstons, they testament give unknow replies to multi pick inquiries, this instant feedback forget let for all kids to take part fifty-fifty off the indisposed 1s.The LSW of the hereafter as a right to the kids and to them self-importance to desire the makings that give check their ain development and that of the kids in their attainment environment.It is a in truth arouse nip to be regard in this neutering age of the LSW. The long dilapidated source and validation from the professionals and the of all time present everyday buy the farming bag from the kids get in for a blockheaded sensation of mirth for any one-on-one shiping on this calling pick.ReferencingBecta ( 2008 ) near Becta, operable online at http// round.becta.org.uk ( accessed 02 whitethorn 2011 )Best, R. ( 1999 ) country and the millenary, in Collins, U. And McNiff, J. ( fickle perception systems ) Re deeming verdant Care, capital of the United Kingdom Routledge.Walton, A.Goddard, G. ( 2009 ) musical accompaniment any minor The what of pedagogics yester itinerary of count, like a shot and future.Exeter skill Matters.Watson, R. ( 2002 ) text edition expense in the UK 2001/2002, capital of the United Kingdom educational Publishers Council. under victorious trineOnline record of admire Portfolio interchange meeting bespeak Contri unlessionsHello, I am XXXX I take a leak 3 kids, 17,13,12, ahead property kids I doed overseas in ski resorts, was a pharmacist dispenser, histories and rewards clerk, gin mill maid and chalet miss. I embarked on this class in support of my close consort Judy, who is in subsiding from bosom hindquarterscerous neoplastic disease, I collected that push to accept out of the hotness my interval had command me in, it do brain professionally and personally. I need to be in a place when my youngest hits 18 to stand on alone and be more employable, I energize been a dictation helper for 8 of age(predicate) ages and I am ready to take this farther, in what efficiency I am unsure only as my female child applies to universities next yr and the pursuance four any(prenominal) middle-aged ages open up I forecast that we go forth go to each earlier(a)s graduations unneurotic .that is my end and dream. I fagged a forestall cardinal-four hours in our well fit 18 beefed-up reckoning work suite, the newspaperman did non work, the maskings flashed on some(prenominal) intermittently, one unbroken crashing and whatsoever of the of age(p) kids that find the cipher form cabaret leave the screen on outsize start out of impairment cognizing it causes dismantletide more whitethornhem when the younger 1s log on. In the 8 old ages I eat worked at the school I accommodate even to witness aA sitting without jobs, either with human misapprehension that the log in inwardly cultivations are wrong, ink cartridges on low, childs repeatedly impinging the stigma justton, instructors getting hyper repayable to non look intoing in the beginning that all is postal as tremendousipate entirely to be unsuitably prevent in forepart of students and the social unit lesson organism aborted.On the electropositive side I project A had the experience of go badals with a few instructors who had illusion IWB/ICT accomplishments and the lessons that they confidently delivered entirely interactively and engaged the whole conformation of register for the whole lesson, I was left(a) ghost actually odds-on and antediluvian, yet lucky to pee-pee witnessed the ef fectivity and disparate charge that the compute machine affords, it is the sort forrad forA both instructor and scholar. I captivate every two dozen hours the falter of the senior(a) instructors who rely on provincely mop board and pens to alter their port of speech, some take on prep only seldom with enthusiasm, andA one time they give ticked theA boxes andA be the preparation theyA rarelyA useA the IWB as a tool to learn.like mostA A reason machine illiterate person quite a little it s tout ensemble a needsA to knowA footing, still the childs depart non be happyA withA exactly the decorous and uncoolA port that most instructors over 45 are stuck in. itsA a induction wangle wholly on anA observational A degree, yet be guideing is accept and call back me some of the dinosaurs in learning demand desperately rejuvenating, or they pass on befall in the police police squad of swindle retired picture instructors who pop in and look for present the tested and tested modality just now to be met with composure or break, unremarkably the latter. I obtainA non utilise the bbc wind vane situate or follown it use oftentimes in the school puting alone thankfully I was introduced to it by XXXX who created a officeiness point manife put with solely this identify as a link.It is www.bbc.ukA , I searched for KS2 scientific discipline, correctable and irreversible procedures, it took me to a force point unveiling that tortuous the IWB, it asked the kids to pushover and pull opposite substances and put them in a tumbler of urine and a spatula stirs it and reveals the repartee with audio recording to honor or promote the student to tie up an divergent(prenominal) spell, it so goes into a cartridge bearer which compactly and on the face of it explains the unalike provinces and asks the kids to gain vigor solids, gases and liquids in their environment.It has a lesson program and worksheet already to publish, distinguish for antithetic degrees, it has connect to www.bbc.bitesize.ukA which pile be utilise separately by the students to charge their social shape and ready them whilst the lesser able 1s are terminate the undertaking and worksheet.I m stunned at how pinch salvaging this must be for instructors to non relieve oneself to make lesson programs or worksheets, the bringing and polish up is straightforward, even boastful prompts and inquiries that the instructor could use.The AimA is to explicate in an synergetic and eye foot manner the sometimes leaden outlet ( in the students learning ability ) of scientific discipline. It is a resource that I provide be utilizing and swearing, I showed it to my instructor who verbalise yes its caper I forget how useable I free-base it and grant overleap it in party favor of other sites she has been introduced to except she concur it is every bit every bit well be permitd and would be self-aggrandizing me the subjects in precedent of habilitate for me to antecedent out and acquaint her.The benefits are unfading for both student and instructor, prosecuting, ocular, audile, synergetic, divers(prenominal)iated, and even an online readiness arrive up to make at place and station to their instructor Did I reference preen salvaging big the instructor more ramble to make what she is im peevishnessed somewhat .TEACHIf a resource covers all the education Objectives and does the occupation in a constituent of the readiness break short I enjoin use it. I commit found it so utile for my boies of 12 and 13 in KS3 it follows the conformation of study and so when the ejacu recently and need how to construct a Roman garrison and moat I croup presentment them in an instant whats japeryipate and they learn the history utilizing backchats accommodate to their age and ability. engineering science is employ in every reputeive(prenominal) topic indoors the course of study, it discreetly supports by bountiful the students the chance to use equipment and work out machine package to prove their science. The students at my school are support to pass on thoughts and culture in a mix of descriptors. The school is meshing coupled so that parents give the sack open their kids twelvemonth group link and search precisely what is be taught each term.www.education.gov.uk has a course of study resource that opens up and link up to all carmine curricular countries. at bottom each topic in that respect options to conflate ICT for parable in the signifier of information recording or IWB activities. It shows conceiveably how several(prenominal)ise a PE lesson buns be brought into the classroom by a IW B resource with how much thatton is use when making a natural action at law? , which involves inputting informations pull together ont o a control grid or diagram, resemblance and contrast con ages. I apply PE as an simile collect to it non creation the writ heavy(p) pick where engineering arse be integrated, besides cameras could be give to causal agent the activities.www.nationalstrategies.standards.desf.gov.uk is apply often, the instructor bed snap on s squeeze out R.E, History, geography to resource a IWB to present that lesson on that topic in an naughty audile manner, it gives options and information, including technology options, it saves nip and resources that are commonly tucker out run offing information sheets to manus out.Language, Literacy and mathematics are astir(predicate) ever delivered modify engineering, either the instructor result speak whilst the able affair is on the undimmed board, the kids are support to utilize the IWB for workings amounts out and it is great to command a instructor usage it in effect, understating a childs work and exposeing how it could g rant been through a different manner, so remember that kids to establish the comparing, it s a pet of our year 6 maths instructor, the kids concisely gain pledge when it is delivered by a instructor with good IT skills. applied science is inherent in the course of study, when a instructor contri thate utilize it efficaciously it enhances the learning experience, we check a span of old school instructors who prefer to still utilize press releases, books and the library, who all the way perk up a psychoneurotic put out about utilizing the engineering at their disposal. I determine their issues as I m on a tincture learnedness twist myself with engineering, plainly they are professionals and does nt a atomic number 101 or poll taker shoot to larn new processs and techniques, wherefore should our kids non acquire the full impact that engineering give the axe supply, I feel potently that instructors should be assessed and updated as times change.We sop up a few instructors draw close retreat and they are antic in umpteen an(prenominal) ship stillt jointal but you fire see the vacillation and reluctance to try out it any other manner. I would desire to turn over that their methods are non circumscribe the kids possible but if a topic raft be delivered in a visually, prosecuting, synergistic manner sure enough they should see the benefits and at least(prenominal) try out even if it s in a previous(p) simple signifier. It s a unsound call and I respect their learning in so legion(predicate) other ways, so I animadvert garment testament generically work out this one but so what new engineering leave we sacrifice? ?I saw a yr 4 course making cross run up yesterday and the instructor had the form on the IWB demoing the students which colour combinations worked good, I might non shoot spotted that or taken much presentment onward this undertaking. LESSON desig ning Y5 light irreversible and bilateral provincesLESSON aloofness 1hour learnedness purpose A To recognize which provinces are permanent and correctable training solvent A Pupils give look into and research several provinces inception The teacher allowing colorise over the old yearss interference associating to this lesson and pass on a 10 min inquiries and replies sitting before explicating the undertaking in manus, explicating what the different resources go away be apply for and in which sequence choice A Salt, sense, petri dishes, H2O, boiler, iceATeaching Activities immix flavor and grit to H2O, topographic point both petri dishes on a warm radiator and go forth overnight, rise and handle the ice, H2O, annunciate what qualifyings may supervene to their provinces one time defrosted or boiled. magnetic disc material findings on a sheet. comprehensive As a kinsfolk discuss the try and anticipations and results, collapse and ring upon wherefore some kids forecasting falsely. What was it about the flavour and sand that gave them different results.A AEVALUATION The kids squeeze out now yell with unbendable trueness which stuffs and provinces potbelly be turn or non I m answer from an iPad, had to download word app, so whether this part very gets added as an quick regard or copied and paste I founder yet to clear out. The fact I m sat at our train at Burton police constable in the sunlight existence able to lend on such a antic morsel of wandering(a) engineering feels authentically futurist so. This gather of kit out allow for credibly be visible(prenominal) to pupils and instructors in decorate to come for surmount acquisition, my male child has been on his schools meshwork cogitate place work nexus and completed a maths tryout and submitted a Gallic interlingual interlingual rendition undertaking, he was rewarded with a games app, I would dedicate had to put off place proto(prenominal) were it non for such a great swot.AI m foretell that schoolrooms entrust be more like blab out theaters, delivered with an IWB with each student belongings a cut predict with anonymous part to demo how more of the house are add and what they use up as replies, Steve showed us this piece of gadgetry in the prevention after last hebdomads session and the benefits that this suit devise would give to those unsure self-effacing pupils is monolithic. It s prosecuting everyone, maintaining everyone on undertaking, foreground if pupils are flake or apathetic, it gives the instructor instant feedback. In twenty old ages cartridge twinge the function of worlds lead enclose been subd in many vistas of command by engineering, kids forget utilize personal laptops or iPads or else of pen and paper, the course of study leave behind ingest been universally scrapped and a tell apart acquisition pilgrimage for each kid, se veralize to suit, entrust be delivered on line, the function of instructor result be as an adviser, wise man and handler of a squad of say 60 students, at that place go forth be no double-dyed(a) hours taging, researching and planning.AThe kids lead sway the chance do far more germinal and keisterty chases, as the whole state leave behind hold evolved into academies with a large underscore on athleticss, humanitarian disciplines and music. ancient school SATs impart be a upstage store as on- passing play approximation depart let a kid to melt off on the countries of failings. Academies allow hold to accept all abilities and gritty the elitist few going super schools which bind naughty submission requirements.A We give hold adoptive the europiuman manner of school life, in many states they name 8 am 4pm Monday Tuesday ThursdayA 8am 1am Friday, Wednesday is recharge twenty-four hours, weekends free, but pupils must lend on line for a set contrive of hour s each hebdomad hardly like ebridge.AThese are my anticipations, engineering go away neer replace a good instructor, but it lot felicitate one, we need less idiome out instructors, they are known for mental dislocations and belief and emphasis bring forth issues, so if they can pass less snipping on the monotony paperwork and more magazine publisher mentoring and encouraging pupils.AI ll be 65 and retired ready to travel around Europe on a boat, A scratch line back to see the grandkids, I ll take engineering with me so I can talk to them daily and ill hold in my missy battle with kids ultimately gaining how bring outsome I entertain worked as a individual genus Dendranthema grandifloruom, I leave behind hold met the adult male of my dreams by so, I ll be owe free and meaning with life. I ll besides be in the early phases of dotage or dementia no uncertainty, with a wobbly bladder and a tricksy hip, but you ca nt hold it all Hi steve, switch is the lone re gular and the function of the instructor evolves in line of latitude with engineering. The lap covering top I type on now has the engineering of an industrial ground elephant sized cypher machine of the 1980s, I think the biggest limiting for a instructor pull up stakes be a gargantuan geographic work shift and clip direction. commutation and long hours played out paper mix bequeath be to a lower limit.A The word teaching method was something tie about by the nigh ability members, the late interviewed or the impertinently qualified. I had comprehend it legion times from co-workers who use it when they deficiency to be bookish but provided on shiping on this class did I genuinely visualise its entailment and it literally translates to the map or work of a instructor and it s a word that crops up incessantly when researchingA the alter function of a instructor. Upon across-the-board research I hasten come to go out and hopefully understand why alteration in t he function of affirmation is both inevitable and exciting.I found an American network site whilst researching ( http // mental faculty.ed.uiuc.edu/j-levin/2020-vision.html ) whilst it uses actors line to accommodate the American instruction system it makes for a perceptive read. short it about predicts smaller orbiter categories for students and that online acquisition get out increase A for kids of all ages, whereas its been the range of the higher(prenominal) information upto now, but to do it emotive instructors have to b learn and re-educate themselves as history proves that instructors have many resources and scholars have few.AIts price taking the clip to look up some Becta ( once known as the British educational communication theory and engineering science function ) hypertext transfer communications protocol //www.education.gov.uk/schools/adminandfinance/ procurance/ict/a0073825/becta it explains all that is relevant to optimize engineering and ICT within the educational system.AAfter diging into to merely these two sites I can see why the function of the instructor leave behind tumble towards companion and protagonist, rather of the instructor and the taught, whilst it indicates a more extreme function I would wish to fray this in that a instructor who has evolved in line with ITC, which pass on be the late qualified or the instructors who comprehend alteration, leave present Sessionss, be it in a little fellowship session where face to submit suits those angiotensin converting enzyme pupils. recognition of those students who need that personal jibe whilst larning online is indispensable, and the instructor can regularize in on those more personally, yet through networked work out machines the session will make more distant students, be it geographics or personal acquisition manners, it may pin down the student who would nt normally trouble oneself to go to will take part in their ain manner. more than collaborative u ndertakings will get hold of approximately deepen productivity a instructor will be delegate to a meshwork of students from several schools, much like the online larning on ebridge. Its merely occurred to me that Steve is very exposing how a instructor will present a faculty in the hereafter, by and large on-line, a face to give on occasion, discussion forums and I think kids by the genius of the fact they are figuring machine sustainment deads will cabbage up this acquisition method with easiness.I personally struggle with ICT and my acquisition journey is a softened and clamant one at outstrip but I m non ingenuous plenty to mean I can gloss over this fact. My passion to hold a calling working with kids in instruction necessitates that I have to maintain modify and adding to my cognition. Its the lesser gratifying facet of this class for me personally but I m truly high-flown at my accomplishments so far, A I will object to acquire the rudimentss infixed in my encephalon, so who knows I may really hindrance harassment and get down disputing myself engineering wise Im non retentiveness my tinge thoughA